The phonon-mediated attractive interaction between carriers leads to the Cooper pair formation in conventional superconductors. Despite decades of research, the glue holding Cooper pairs in high-temperature superconducting cuprates is still controversial, and the same is true as for the relative involvement of structural and electronic degrees of freedom. Ultrafast electron crystallography (UEC) offers, through observation of spatio-temporally resolved diffraction, the means for determining structural dynamics and the possible role of electron-lattice interaction. A polarized femtosecond (fs) laser pulse excites the charge carriers, which relax through electron-electron and electron-phonon coupling, and the consequential structural distortion is followed diffracting fs electron pulses. In this review, the recent findings obtained on cuprates are summarized. In particular, we discuss the strength and symmetry of the directional electron-phonon coupling in Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ(BSCCO), as well as the c-axis structural instability induced by near-infrared pulses in La2CuO4 (LCO). The theoretical implications of these results are discussed with focus on the possibility of charge stripes being significant in accounting for the polarization anisotropy of BSCCO, and cohesion energy (Madelung) calculations being descriptive of the c-axis instability in LCO.
Ultrafast Two-Dimensional Spectroscopy Uncovers Ubiquitous Electron-Paramagnon Coupling in Cuprate Superconductors
Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore(天主教神圣之心大学);ILAMP (Interdisciplinary Laboratories for Advanced Materials Physics), Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore(天主教神圣之心大学先进材料物理跨学科实验室);KU Leuven(荷语鲁汶大学);CNR-INO (National Institute of Optics)(意大利国家研究委员会光学研究所);University of Brescia(布雷西亚大学);“Sapienza” University of Rome(罗马第一大学);Swinburne University of Technology(斯威本科技大学)
Collapse of superconductivity in cuprates via ultrafast quenching of phase coherence
在低密度凝聚体中,仅通过相位相干性的损失来驱动相变的可能性对于物质的量子相位的研究具有深远的意义。这激发了通过相位波动控制和探索凝析相集体性质的工具的发展。电选通氧化物界面、超冷费米原子和铜酸盐超导体,其特征在于固有的小相刚度,是这些工具产生巨大影响的典型例子。在这里,我们使用短于内部热化时间的光脉冲来驱动和探测Bi $_2$ Sr $_2$ CaCu $_2$ O $_{8+δ}$铜酸盐超导体的相脆性,完全熔化超导凝聚体而不影响配对强度。由此产生的超快动力学的相位波动和电荷激发的时间分辨光电子能谱捕获和解开。这项工作表明了在超导体的主导作用,以正常状态相变的相位相干性,并提供了一个基准的非平衡光谱研究的铜酸盐相图。
Energy density driven ultrafast electronic excitations in a cuprate superconductor
Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore(天主教神圣之心大学);ILAMP (Interdisciplinary Laboratories for Advanced Materials Physics)(先进材料物理跨学科实验室);KU Leuven(荷语鲁汶大学);Elettra - Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A.(的里雅斯特电子同步加速器);Brookhaven National Laboratory(布鲁海文国家实验室);CNR-INO (National Institute of Optics)(意大利国家光学研究所)
Ultrafast carrier localisation in the pseudogap state of cuprate superconductors from coherent quench experiments
赝能隙(PG)是由莫特引入的,用来描述一种物质状态,这种状态在费米能级上具有最小的态密度,深到足以使态局域化。它可以由电子之间的库仑排斥引起,或者由于初始电荷或自旋序,或者两者的组合。这些状态在时间上以随机相位快速波动,因此很难在实验上观察到。在这里,我们提出了第一个相干淬火测量的原型高温超导体Bi $_{2}$ Sr $_{2}$ CaCu $_{2}$ O $_{8+δ}$中的赝能隙态的动态过渡,揭示了一个显着的早期集体秩序在短时间尺度上超过几个相干长度在任何水平的掺杂。相反,我们发现亚皮秒载波本地化的证据有利于图片的配对竞争库仑相互作用和应变,增强了费米表面的不稳定性。
Dynamics of the superconducting order parameter through ultrafast normal-to-superconducting phase transition in Bi$_{2}$Sr$_{2}$CaCu$_{2}$O$_{8+δ}$ from multi-pulse polarization-resolved transient optical reflectivity
利用全光偏振敏感多脉冲光谱技术,系统地研究了Bi $_{2}$ Sr $_{2}$ CaCu $_{2}$ O $_{8+δ}$铜氧化物超导体中飞秒光学超导态的温度效应.在低温和部分SC状态抑制的各向异性SC间隙恢复时间尺度的数据建议。SC态的破坏和恢复动力学进行了比较,最近TR-ARPES-推断SC间隙动力学和定性的协议被发现。使用唯象响应函数的实验数据也与时间相关的Ginzburg-Landau模型模拟。
Signatures of superconductivity and pseudogap formation in non-equilibrium nodal quasiparticles revealed by ultrafast angle-resolved photoemission
我们用时间分辨和角分辨光电子能谱测量了$_2$ $_2$ O $_2$的各种掺杂的节非平衡电子态。我们发现,这些ungapped状态的初始泵浦诱导的瞬态信号的强烈影响的超导能隙在$T_c$,超导配对波动在$T_p$,和赝能隙在$T^*$的发病。此外,$T_p$标记了通量依赖性瞬态信号中的一个提示性阈值,出现了低于$T_p$的临界通量,该临界通量对应于使所有库珀对断裂所需的能量。这些结果挑战了铜氧化物超导体中结-反结二分法的概念,在结准粒子和铜氧化物相图之间建立了一个新的联系。