不同金属在DC和脉冲模式下实现高梯度的经验比较
Empirical comparison of high gradient achievement for different metals in DC and pulsed mode
摘要：
瑞士自由电子激光项目正在研制一种先进的高梯度低发射度电子枪。在存在UV激光束的情况下，在电场（优选在4 mm间隙处高于125 MV/m）下的可靠操作必须在二极管配置中实现，以便最小化由于空间电荷效应引起的发射度稀释。在第一阶段，使用直流击穿测试台在高达100 kV的电压下测试不同制备方法的不同金属。此外，还进行了几天的高梯度稳定性测试，以证明可靠的无火花运行和最小的暗电流。在第二阶段，电极与选定的材料被安装在250 ns的FWHM，500千伏电子枪和测试高梯度击穿和量子效率使用紫外激光。
英文摘要：
For the SwissFEL project, an advanced high gradient low emittance gun is under development. Reliable operation with an electric field, preferably above 125 MV/m at a 4 mm gap, in the presence of an UV laser beam, has to be achieved in a diode configuration in order to minimize the emittance dilution due to space charge effects. In the first phase, a DC breakdown test stand was used to test different metals with different preparation methods at voltages up to 100 kV. In addition high gradient stability tests were also carried out over several days in order to prove reliable spark-free operation with a minimum dark current. In the second phase, electrodes with selected materials were installed in the 250 ns FWHM, 500 kV electron gun and tested for high gradient breakdown and for quantum efficiency using an ultra-violet laser.
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