棘波训练统计量的熵参数估计
Entropy-based parametric estimation of spike train statistics
摘要:
我们考虑神经元网络的演化,重点是尖峰动力学的渐近行为,而不是膜电位动力学。在这种情况下,尖峰响应不是作为确定性响应来寻求的,而是作为条件概率来寻求的:“读出代码”包括推断这样的概率。这个概率是计算从经验光栅图,通过使用框架的热力学形式主义遍历理论。这给了我们一个参数统计模型,其中概率具有吉布斯分布的形式。在这方面,这种方法概括了施奈德曼和合作者的开创性和深刻的工作。一个最小的介绍形式主义在这里进行审查,而一般的算法估计方法提出了快速收敛的实现。它也明确了几个尖峰观测(熵,速率,同步,相关性)给出了封闭形式的参数估计。这种范式不仅允许我们在给定设计选择的情况下估计尖峰统计数据,而且还可以比较不同的模型,从而回答关于神经代码的比较问题,例如:“相关性(或时间同步性或给定的尖峰模式集,...)仅对速率编码有意义?“提出了一种数值验证的方法,关于尖峰序列代码分析的观点也进行了讨论。
英文摘要:
We consider the evolution of a network of neurons, focusing on the asymptotic behavior of spikes dynamics instead of membrane potential dynamics. The spike response is not sought as a deterministic response in this context, but as a conditional probability : "Reading out the code" consists of inferring such a probability. This probability is computed from empirical raster plots, by using the framework of thermodynamic formalism in ergodic theory. This gives us a parametric statistical model where the probability has the form of a Gibbs distribution. In this respect, this approach generalizes the seminal and profound work of Schneidman and collaborators. A minimal presentation of the formalism is reviewed here, while a general algorithmic estimation method is proposed yielding fast convergent implementations. It is also made explicit how several spike observables (entropy, rate, synchronizations, correlations) are given in closed-form from the parametric estimation. This paradigm does not only allow us to estimate the spike statistics, given a design choice, but also to compare different models, thus answering comparative questions about the neural code such as : "are correlations (or time synchrony or a given set of spike patterns, ..) significant with respect to rate coding only ?" A numerical validation of the method is proposed and the perspectives regarding spike-train code analysis are also discussed.
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