自旋过滤的理论研究及其在极化反质子中的应用
A theoretical study of spin filtering and its application to polarizing antiprotons
摘要：
最近有很多关于极化反质子束的可能方法的研究，最有希望的是自旋过滤，目前对它的理论理解还不完整。通过自旋过滤的极化建立的方法要求许多束粒子在与存储环中的内部靶重复相互作用之后保持在束内。因此，小的散射角，我们表明，电磁效应占主导地位的强子效应，是很重要的。在量子电动力学中，对于由电磁形状因子定义内部结构的类点粒子和非类点粒子，所有自旋平均和自旋相关的弹性自旋1/2 -自旋1/2散射的电磁截面和自旋可观量都被导出到一阶.特别注意的是自旋转移和退极化截面的反质子质子，反质子电子和正电子电子散射，在低|不|动量转移区。一个彻底的自旋过滤的数学处理，然后提出，确定所涉及的关键物理过程和突出的物理系统的动力学特性。我们提出并解决了微分方程组，描述了在许多不同的情况下，通过自旋滤波极化的建设。概述了使用轻子靶的优点，最后研究了通过自旋过滤反向极化电子束来抑制反质子的建议。
英文摘要：
There has been much recent research into possible methods of polarizing an antiproton beam, the most promising being spin filtering, the theoretical understanding of which is currently incomplete. The method of polarization buildup by spin filtering requires many of the beam particles to remain within the beam after repeated interaction with an internal target in a storage ring. Hence small scattering angles, where we show that electromagnetic effects dominate hadronic effects, are important. All spin-averaged and spin-dependent electromagnetic cross-sections and spin observables for elastic spin 1/2 - spin 1/2 scattering, for both point-like particles and non-point-like particles with internal structure defined by electromagnetic form factors, are derived to first order in QED. Particular attention is paid to spin transfer and depolarization cross-sections in antiproton-proton, antiproton-electron and positron-electron scattering, in the low | t | region of momentum transfer. A thorough mathematical treatment of spin filtering is then presented, identifying the key physical processes involved and highlighting the dynamical properties of the physical system. We present and solve sets of differential equations which describe the buildup of polarization by spin filtering in many different scenarios of interest. The advantages of using a lepton target are outlined, and finally a proposal to polarize antiprotons by spin filtering off an opposing polarized electron beam is investigated.
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