半导体中局部激发雪崩的演化
Evolution of locally excited avalanches in semiconductors
摘要：
我们发现，半导体雪崩光电二极管可以表现出微小的放大噪声在早期演化的雪崩。噪声是如此之低，以至于可以分辨出引发每次雪崩的局部激发电荷的数量。这些发现构成了实现固态无噪声放大器的重要的第一步。此外，我们相信，所使用的实验装置，\textit{i.e.}，时间分辨局部激发雪崩，将成为一个有用的工具，优化的数量分辨率。
英文摘要：
We show that semiconductor avalanche photodiodes can exhibit diminutive amplification noise during the early evolution of avalanches. The noise is so low that the number of locally excited charges that seed each avalanche can be resolved. These findings constitute an important first step towards realization of a solid-state noiseless amplifier. Moreover, we believe that the experimental setup used, \textit{i.e.}, time-resolving locally excited avalanches, will become a useful tool for optimizing the number resolution.
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