稀疏不完全表征：嗅觉颗粒细胞的新作用
Sparse incomplete representations: A novel role for olfactory granule cells
摘要：
嗅球的二尖瓣细胞形成气味的稀疏表示，并将此信息传递到皮层。由僧帽细胞携带的嗅觉代码比它们接收的输入要稀疏。本文分析了稀疏嗅觉编码的机制和功能意义。我们考虑一个模型的嗅球含有群体的兴奋性二尖瓣和抑制性颗粒细胞。我们认为，稀疏代码可能会出现由于网络中的自组织导致二尖瓣细胞的兴奋性输入和颗粒细胞提供的抑制之间的精确平衡。我们提出了一个新的作用的嗅颗粒细胞。我们表明，这些细胞可以建立代表性的气味刺激是不完全准确的。由于颗粒细胞表达的不完整性，仅对某些二尖瓣细胞建立了精确的兴奋-抑制平衡，导致二尖瓣细胞的稀疏反应。我们的模型表明，介导二尖瓣和颗粒细胞之间的相互作用的树-树突触的功能意义。该模型占稀疏的嗅觉代码在稳定状态下，并预测瞬态动态可能不那么稀疏。
英文摘要：
Mitral cells of the olfactory bulb form sparse representations of the odorants and transmit this information to the cortex. The olfactory code carried by the mitral cells is sparser than the inputs that they receive. In this study we analyze the mechanisms and functional significance of sparse olfactory codes. We consider a model of olfactory bulb containing populations of excitatory mitral and inhibitory granule cells. We argue that sparse codes may emerge as a result of self organization in the network leading to the precise balance between mitral cells' excitatory inputs and inhibition provided by the granule cells. We propose a novel role for the olfactory granule cells. We show that these cells can build representations of odorant stimuli that are not fully accurate. Due to the incompleteness in the granule cell representation, the exact excitation-inhibition balance is established only for some mitral cells leading to sparse responses of the mitral cell. Our model suggests a functional significance to the dendrodendritic synapses that mediate interactions between mitral and granule cells. The model accounts for the sparse olfactory code in the steady state and predicts that transient dynamics may be less sparse.
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