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arXiv 1002.4619astro-ph.COastro-ph.HE
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Blazar中的喷流/盘的联系

The jet/disk connection in blazars

Gabriele Ghisellini

摘要:

主要来自费米和斯威夫特卫星以及地面切伦科夫望远镜的新的高能数据不仅使研究耀变体喷流的能量学成为可能,而且使研究它们与相关的吸积盘的联系成为可能。此外,最强大的物体的黑洞质量可以通过源自吸积盘的红外光学发射来限制。这是第一次,我们可以评估喷流和吸积功率的爱丁顿光度的单位为大量的耀变体。第一次的结果很有趣。Blazar喷流的能量与其吸积盘产生的光度相当,甚至更大。Blazar喷流产生于所有的吸积速率(爱丁顿单位),它们的外观取决于吸积状态是否具有辐射效率。喷流功率主要由物质的整体运动决定,而不是由坡印廷通量决定,至少在喷流区域,在约1000史瓦西半径处,产生大量的发射。相对论喷流起源的机制必须非常有效,可能比吸积更有效,即使吸积必须起关键作用。最强大的喷流在红移~3处的黑洞质量超过10亿太阳质量,这标志着在这些红移处存在着非常大的重黑洞群体。

英文摘要:

The new high energy data coming mainly from the Fermi and Swift satellites and from the ground based Cerenkov telescopes are making possible to study not only the energetics of blazar jets, but also their connection to the associated accretion disks. Furthermore, the black hole mass of the most powerful objects can be constrained through IR-optical emission, originating in the accretion disks. For the first time, we can evaluate jet and accretion powers in units of the Eddington luminosity for a large number of blazars. Firsts results are intriguing. Blazar jets have powers comparable to, and often larger than the luminosity produced by their accretion disk. Blazar jets are produced at all accretion rates (in Eddington units), and their appearance depends if the accretion regime is radiatively efficient or not. The jet power is dominated by the bulk motion of matter, not by the Poynting flux, at least in the jet region where the bulk of the emission is produced, at ~1000 Schwarzschild radii. The mechanism at the origin of relativistic jets must be very efficient, possibly more than accretion, even if accretion must play a crucial role. Black hole masses for the most powerful jets at redshift ~3 exceed one billion solar masses, flagging the existence of a very large population of heavy black holes at these redshifts.

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