In this paper, Estimation of Distribution Algorithm (EDA) is used for Zone Routing Protocol (ZRP) in Mobile Ad-hoc Network instead of Genetic Algorithm (GA). It is an evolutionary approach, it is used when the network size grows and the search space increases. When the destination is outside the zone, EDA is applied to find the route with minimum cost and time. Finally, the implementation of proposed method is compared with Genetic ZRP, i.e., GZRP and the result demonstrates better performance for the proposed method. Since the method provides a set of paths to the destination, it results in load balance to the network. As both EDA and GA use random search method to reach the optimal point, the searching cost reduced significantly, especially when the number of data is large.
Enhanced Genetic Algorithm approach for Solving Dynamic Shortest Path Routing Problems using Immigrants and Memory Schemes
在因特网路由中，静态最短路径（SP）问题已经使用众所周知的智能优化技术如人工神经网络、遗传算法（GAs）和粒子群优化来解决。随着无线通信技术的发展，移动无线网络越来越多，如移动自组织网络（Mobile Ad Hoc Networks，MANDIX）和无线传感器网络等。网络的动态性是移动自组网的主要特点。因此，移动自组网中的SP路由问题转化为动态优化问题（DOP）。在这里，节点可以意识到环境条件，从而使其智能化，这将作为GA的输入。实现，然后使用遗传算法与移民和内存计划，以解决动态SP路由问题（DSPRP）在MANETS。在本文中，一旦网络拓扑结构发生变化，可以利用新的移民或存储在内存中的有用信息搜索新环境中的最优解。结果表明，采用新移民策略的遗传算法比采用记忆策略的遗传算法具有更好的收敛性。
Routing plays a fundamental role in network applications, but it is especially challenging in Delay Tolerant Networks (DTNs). These are a kind of mobile ad hoc networks made of e.g. (possibly, unmanned) vehicles and humans where, despite a lack of continuous connectivity, data must be transmitted while the network conditions change due to the nodes' mobility. In these contexts, routing is NP-hard and is usually solved by heuristic "store and forward" replication-based approaches, where multiple copies of the same message are moved and stored across nodes in the hope that at least one will reac…
Vel Tech University（Vel Tech大学）；Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur（印度理工学院卡拉格普尔分校）
In underwater acoustic sensor networks (UWASN), energy-reliable data transmission is a challenging task. This is due to acoustic transmission disturbances caused by excessive noise, exceptionally long propagation delays, a high bit error rate, limited bandwidth capability, and interference. One of the most important issues of UWASN for research is how to extend the life span of data transmission. Data transfer from a source node to a destination node in UWASN is a complicated topic for researchers. Many routing algorithms, such as vector base forwarding and depth base routing, have been develo…
Chalmers University of Technology（查尔姆斯理工大学）；Ericsson research（爱立信研究）；King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)（沙特国王科技大学(KAUST)）
In this paper, we study the problem of topology optimization and routing in integrated access and backhaul (IAB) networks, as one of the promising techniques for evolving 5G networks. We study the problem from different perspectives. We develop efficient genetic algorithm-based schemes for both IAB node placement and non-IAB backhaul link distribution, and evaluate the effect of routing on bypassing temporal blockages. Here, concentrating on millimeter wave-based communications, we study the service coverage probability, defined as the probability of the event that the user equipments' (UEs) m…
Flying ad hoc network (FANET) provides portable and flexible communication for many applications and possesses several unique design challenges; a key one is the successful delivery of messages to the destination, reliably. For reliable communication, routing plays an important role, which establishes a path between source and destination on the basis of certain criteria. Conventional routing protocols of FANET generally use a minimum hop count criterion to find the best route between source and destination, which results in lower latency with the consideration that there is single source/dest…
This paper proposes a novel admission and routing scheme which takes into account arbitrarily assigned priorities for network flows. The presented approach leverages the centralized Software Defined Networking (SDN) capabilities in order to do so. Exact and heuristic approaches to the stated Priority Flow Admission and Routing (PFAR) problem are provided. The exact approach which provides an optimal solution is based on Integer Linear Programming (ILP). Given the potentially long running time required to find an exact and optimal solution, a heuristic approach is proposed; this approach is bas…
ZD-AOMDV: A New Routing Algorithm for Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks
Azad University Amirkabir University of Technology Branch of Andimeshk（阿扎德大学阿米卡比尔理工大学安迪梅什克分校）；Amirkabir University of Technology（阿米卡比尔理工大学）；California State University（加州州立大学）
The advancements of remote sensing (RS) pose increasingly high demands on computation and transmission resources. Conventional ground-offloading techniques, which transmit large amounts of raw data to the ground, suffer from poor satellite-to-ground link quality. In addition, existing satellite-offloading techniques, which offload computational tasks to low earth orbit (LEO) satellites located within the visible range of RS satellites for processing, cannot leverage the full computing capability of the network because the computational resources of visible LEO satellites are limited. This situ…
The proliferation of cloud data center applications and network function virtualization (NFV) boosts dynamic and QoS dependent traffic into the data centers network. Currently, lots of network routing protocols are requirement agnostic, while other QoS-aware protocols are computationally complex and inefficient for small flows. In this paper, a computationally efficient congestion avoidance scheme, called CECT, for software-defined cloud data centers is proposed. The proposed algorithm, CECT, not only minimizes network congestion but also reallocates the resources based on the flow requirement…
Vehicle Ad-hoc Networks (VANETs) act as the core of vehicular communications and provide the fundamental wireless communication architecture to support both vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) and vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) communication. Therefore, by leveraging only communication technologies, Connected Vehicles (CVs) can navigate through the dynamic road network. However, such vehicles are still in their infancy but are expected to have a significant impact on safety and mobility such as reducing non-recurrent congestion in case of a vehicle breakdown or other roadway incidents. To evaluate their…
