电荷和自旋输运的统一四元数描述及自旋流的本征非线性
Unified quaternionic description of charge and spin transport and intrinsic non-linearity of spin currents
摘要：
我们提出了一个统一的理论电荷和自旋输运使用四元数形式主义。结果表明，电荷流和自旋流可以结合在一起，形成一个四元数电流。四元数流的标量部分和矢量部分分别对应于电荷流和自旋流。我们制定了一个统一的条件散射矩阵的四元数电流守恒。结果表明，在存在自旋翻转相互作用时，一个较弱的四元数么正性条件（即电荷通量守恒而自旋通量不守恒）是有效的。利用这个统一理论，我们发现自旋电流是本质上非线性的。讨论了它对最近的远离边界自旋产生的实验观察的意义。
英文摘要：
We present a unified theory of charge and spin transport using quaternionic formalism. It is shown that both charge current and spin currents can be combined together to form a quaternionic current. The scalar and vector part of quaternionic currents correspond to charge and spin current respectively. We formulate a unitarity condition on the scattering matrix for quaternionic current conservation. It is shown that in presence of spin flip interactions a weaker quaternionic unitarity condition implying charge flux conservation but spin flux non conservation is valid. Using this unified theory we find that spin currents are intrinsically non linear. Its implication for recent experimental observation of spin generation far away from the boundaries are discussed.
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