单细胞对浓度时间变化的感知极限
Limits of sensing temporal concentration changes by single cells
摘要：
Berg和Purcell [Biophys. J. 20，193（1977）]计算了单细胞生物体的浓度传感的准确性如何受到来自少量计数分子的噪声的限制。在这里，我们将他们的结果推广到浓度斜坡的检测，这通常是生物学相关的情况（例如，在细菌趋化过程中）。我们计算了三个测量设备的斜坡传感的不确定性的下限：一个单一的受体，一个吸收球，和一个监测领域。我们对比两种策略，简单的线性回归的输入信号与最大似然估计，并表明，后者可以是前者的两倍准确。最后，我们考虑这两种策略的生物实现，并确定可能的签名，最大似然估计是由真实的生物系统实现的。
英文摘要：
Berg and Purcell [Biophys. J. 20, 193 (1977)] calculated how the accuracy of concentration sensing by single-celled organisms is limited by noise from the small number of counted molecules. Here we generalize their results to the sensing of concentration ramps, which is often the biologically relevant situation (e.g. during bacterial chemotaxis). We calculate lower bounds on the uncertainty of ramp sensing by three measurement devices: a single receptor, an absorbing sphere, and a monitoring sphere. We contrast two strategies, simple linear regression of the input signal versus maximum likelihood estimation, and show that the latter can be twice as accurate as the former. Finally, we consider biological implementations of these two strategies, and identify possible signatures that maximum likelihood estimation is implemented by real biological systems.
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