有限空间的因子分解性质
Factorization Properties of Finite Spaces
摘要:
1960年Schwinger [J. Schwinger,Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci. 46(1960)570- 579]提出了有限M维Hilbert空间中酉算子的分解算法。利用一个特殊的置换算子A,我们将Schwinger分解推广到M的每一个分解。我们得到了酉算子的分解对,并证明了它们服从与Schwinger相同的对易关系。我们应用新的因式分解两个问题。首先,我们展示了如何生成两个kq样的相互无偏基地的任何复合维度。然后,利用有限维M = M1 M2中的Harper类哈密顿模型,我们展示了如何设计具有M1能级的物理系统,每个能级具有简并度M2。
英文摘要:
In 1960 Schwinger [J. Schwinger, Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci. 46 (1960) 570- 579] proposed the algorithm for factorization of unitary operators in the finite M dimensional Hilbert space according to a coprime decomposition of M. Using a special permutation operator A we generalize the Schwinger factorization to every decomposition of M. We obtain the factorized pairs of unitary operators and show that they obey the same commutation relations as Schwinger's. We apply the new factorization to two problems. First, we show how to generate two kq-like mutually unbiased bases for any composite dimension. Then, using a Harper-like Hamiltonian model in the finite dimension M = M1M2, we show how to design a physical system with M1 energy levels, each having degeneracy M2.
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