用于推导Richardson方程的库珀对的Coboson形式
Coboson formalism for Cooper pairs used to derive Richardson's equations
摘要:
我们提出了一个多体形式主义的库珀对,我们最近开发的复合玻色子激子(简称coboson)的相似之处。它的希瓦图表示证明$N$库珀对不同于$N$单对,仅通过电子交换:由于BCS势的非常特殊的形式,不存在直接耦合。作为第一个应用程序,我们在这里使用这种形式主义,以获得理查森方程的$N$库珀对的确切本征态。这暗示了为什么我们最近通过在低密度极限下解析求解Richardson方程得到的$N$ -对基态能量的$N(N-1)$依赖性在稠密区仍然有效,甚至在大重叠下也不存在高阶依赖性,这是一个令人惊讶的结果,一开始很难接受。我们还简要地质疑BCS波函数anquiry相比,理查森的确切形式,根据我们的理解coboson多体效应。
英文摘要:
We propose a many-body formalism for Cooper pairs which has similarities to the one we recently developed for composite boson excitons (coboson in short). Its Shiva diagram representation evidences that $N$ Cooper pairs differ from $N$ single pairs through electron exchange only: no direct coupling exists due to the very peculiar form of the BCS potential. As a first application, we here use this formalism to derive Richardson's equations for the exact eigenstates of $N$ Cooper pairs. This gives hints on why the $N(N-1)$ dependence of the $N$-pair ground state energy we recently obtained by solving Richardson's equations analytically in the low density limit, stays valid up to the dense regime, no higher order dependence exists even under large overlap, a surprising result hard to accept at first. We also briefly question the BCS wave function ansatz compared to Richardson's exact form, in the light of our understanding of coboson many-body effects.
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