We consider the area and entropy spectra of black holes in topologically massive gravity with gravitational Chern-Simons term. The examples we consider are the BTZ black hole and the warped AdS black hole. For the non-rotating BTZ black hole, the area and entropy spectra are equally spaced and independent of the coupling constant $\v$ of the Chern-Simons term. For the rotating BTZ black hole case, the spectra of the inner and outer horizon areas are not equally spaced in general and dependent of the coupling constant $\v$. However the entropy spectrum is equally spaced and independent of the coupling constant $\v$. For the warped AdS black holes for $\v >1$ by using the quasinormal modes obtained without imposing the boundary condition at radial infinity we find again that the entropy spectrum is equally spaced and independent of the coupling constant $\v$, while the spectra of the inner and outer horizon areas are not equally spaced and dependent of the coupling constant $\v$. Our result implies that the entropy spectrum has a universal behavior regardless of the presence of the gravitational Chern-Simons term, and therefore it implies that the entropy is more `fundamental' than the horizon area.
The entropy of a Bañados, Teitelboim, and Zanelli black hole in topologically massive gravity had been given with the form inconsistent with the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy. In the paper, we provide a consistent statistical interpretation for the entropy, and confirm it to be thermodynamic entropy by preserving the first and second laws. As a novel extension, the logarithmic correction to the black hole entropy is also discussed.
We compute the topologically twisted index for general $\mathcal{N} = 2$ supersymmetric field theories on $\mathbb{H}_2\times S^1$. We also discuss asymptotically $AdS_4$ magnetically charged black holes with hyperbolic horizon, in four-dimensional $\mathcal{N} = 2$ gauged supergravity. With certain assumptions, put forward by Benini, Hristov and Zaffaroni, we find precise agreement between the black hole entropy and the topologically twisted index, for $ABJM$ theories.
We study the issue of black hole entropy in the topologically massive gravity. Assuming that the presence of gravitational Chern-Simons term with the coupling $1/μ$ does modify the horizon radius $\tilde{r}_+$, we propose $\tilde{S}_{BH}=π\tilde{r}_+/2G_3$ as the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy. This entropy of CS-BTZ black hole satisfies the first-law of thermodynamics and the area-law but it is slightly different from the shifted-entropy $S_c=πr_+/2G_3+ (1/μl)πr_-/2G_3$ based on the BTZ black hole with outer $r_+$ and inner horizon $r_-$. In the case of $r_-=0$, $\tilde{S}_{BH}$ represents the en…
The Rényi and Tsallis entropies are discussed as possible alternatives to the Bekenstein-Hawking area-law entropy. It is pointed out how replacing the entropy notion, but not the Hawking temperature and the thermodynamical energy may render the whole black hole thermodynamics inconsistent. The possibility to relate the Rényi and Tsallis entropies with the quantum gravity corrected Bekenstein-Hawking entropy is discussed.
Considerable interest has recently been expressed in the entropy versus area relationship for ``dirty'' black holes --- black holes in interaction with various classical matter fields, distorted by higher derivative gravity, or infested with various forms of quantum hair. In many cases it is found that the entropy is simply related to the area of the event horizon: S = k A_H/(4\ell_P^2). For example, the ``entropy = (1/4) area'' law *holds* for: Schwarzschild, Reissner--Nordstrom, Kerr--Newman, and dilatonic black holes. On the other hand, the ``entropy = (1/4) area'' law *fails* for: various …
We study the topologically twisted index of $\mathcal{N}=6$ supersymmetric Chern-Simons matter theory with $U(N)_k \times U(N)_{-k}$ gauge group in the 't Hooft limit, that is, for $N, k \, \to \infty$ with $λ=N/k$ fixed. In the regime where $λ$ is fixed and large we find an analytical expression for the leading order term of the index. The leading term of the index matches precisely the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy of the dual asymptotically AdS$_4$ magnetically charged black holes embedded in IIA supergrvity on AdS$_4\times \mathbb{CP}^3$, after a standard Legendre transformation. We numerical…
We analyze the finite temperature behaviour of massless conformally coupled scalar fields in homogeneous lens spaces $S^3/{\mathbb Z}_p$. High and low temperature expansions are explicitly computed and the behavior of thermodynamic quantities under thermal duality is scrutinized. The analysis of the entropy of the different lens spaces in the high-temperature limit points out the appearance of a topological nonextensive entropy, besides the standard Stefan-Boltzmann extensive term. The remaining terms are exponentially suppressed by the temperature. The topological entropy appears as a sublead…
We extend the Abbott-Deser-Tekin approach to the computation of the Killing charge for a solution of topologically massive gravity (TMG) linearized around an arbitrary background. This is then applied to evaluate the mass and angular momentum of black hole solutions of TMG with non-constant curvature asymptotics. The resulting values, together with the appropriate black hole entropy, fit nicely into the first law of black hole thermodynamics.
While conventional hydrodynamics incorporating dissipative effects is hard to derive from an action principle, it is nevertheless possible to construct classical actions when the dissipative terms are switched off. In this note we undertake a systematic exploration of such constructions from an effective field theory approach and argue for the existence of non-trivial second order non-dissipative hydrodynamics involving pure energy-momentum transport. We find these fluids to be characterized by five second-order transport coefficients based on the effective action (a three parameter family is …
In this paper we obtain conserved charges of spin-3 topologically massive gravity by using a quasi-local formalism. We find a general formula to calculate conserved charge of the spin-3 topologically massive gravity which corresponds to a Killing vector field $ξ$. We show that this general formula reduces to the previous one for the ordinary spin-3 gravity presented in \cite{31} when we take into account only transformation under diffeomorphism, without considering generalized Lorentz gauge transformation (i.e. $λ_ξ =0$), and by taking $\frac{1}μ\rightarrow 0$. Then we obtain a general formula…
We show that an analytical continuation of the Vuorio solution to three-dimensional topologically massive gravity leads to a two-parameter family of black hole solutions, which are geodesically complete and causally regular within a certain parameter range. No observers can remain static in these spacetimes. We discuss their global structure, and evaluate their mass, angular momentum, and entropy, which satisfy a slightly modified form of the first law of thermodynamics.
We study novel type of contributions to the entropy of the Maxwell system defined on a compact manifold such as torus. These new terms are not related to the physical propagating photons. Rather, these novel contributions emerge as a result of tunnelling events when transitions occur between topologically different but physical identical vacuum winding states. We compute two new (topologically protected) types of contributions to the entropy in this system resulting from this dynamics. First contribution has a negative sign, expressed in terms of the magnetic susceptibility, and it is similar …
Following the work of Sen, we consider the correspondence between extremal black holes and string states in the context of the entropy. We obtain and study properties of electrically charged black hole backgrounds of tree level heterotic string theory compactified on a $p$ dimensional torus, for $D=(10-p)=4 \ldots 9$. We study in particular a one--parameter extremal class of these black holes, the members of which are shown to be supersymmetric. We find that the entropy of such an extremal black hole, when calculated at the stringy stretched horizon, scales in such a way that it can be identif…
From the partition function for two classes of classically non-local actions containing the fractional Laplacian, we show that as long as there exists a suitable (non-local) Hilbert-space transform the underlying action can be mapped onto a purely local theory. In all such cases the partition function is equivalent to that of a local theory and an area law for the entanglement entropy obtains. When such a reduction fails, the entanglement entropy deviates strongly from an area law and can in some cases scale as the volume. As these two criteria are coincident, we conjecture that they are equiv…
We postulate a Planck scale horizon unit area, with no bits of information locally attached to it, connected but otherwise of free form, and let $n$ such geometric units compactly tile the black hole horizon. Associated with each topologically distinct tiling configuration is then a simple, connected, undirected, unlabeled, planar, chordal graph. The asymptotic enumeration of the corresponding integer sequence gives rise to the Bekenstein-Hawking area entropy formula, automatically accompanied by a proper logarithmic term, and fixes the size of the horizon unit area, thereby constituting a glo…
Recently, entropy of static supersymmetric black holes in $AdS_6$ was microscopically counted by the topologically twisted index of five-dimensional superconformal field theories. However, the AdS/CFT dictionary states that the partition function of the boundary field theory corresponds to the on-shell action of the bulk quantum gravity. In this paper, we aim to explain the microscopic counting of black hole entropy by the topologically twisted index. We calculate the renormalized on-shell action and show that the on-shell action equals the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy of the supersymmetric blac…
In the usual d dimensional SO(d) gauged Higgs models with $d$-component Higgs fields, the 'energies' of the topologically stable solitons are bounded from below by the Chern-Pontryagin charges. A new class of Higgs models is proposed here, whose 'energies' are stabilised instead by the winding number of the Higgs field itself, with no reference to the gauge group. Consequently, such Higgs models can be gauged by SO(N), with 2 \le N \le d.
For a massive spin 1/2 field, we present the reduced spin and helicity density matrix, respectively, for the same pure one particle state. Their relation has also been developed. Furthermore, we calculate and compare the corresponding entanglement entropy for spin and helicity within the same inertial reference frame. Due to the distinct dependence on momentum degree of freedom between spin and helicity states, the resultant helicity entropy is different from that of spin in general. In particular, we find that both helicity entanglement for a spin eigenstate and spin entanglement for a right …
I present the ``Chern--Simons'' formulation of generalized 2d dilaton gravity, summarize its Hamiltonian quantization (reduced phase space and Dirac quantization) and briefly discuss the statistical mechanical entropy of 2d black holes. Focus is put on the close relation to finite dimensional point particle systems.
Entanglement entropy in topologically ordered matter phases has been computed extensively using various methods. In this paper, we study the entanglement entropy of topological phases in two-spaces from a new perspective---the perspective of quasiparticle fluctuations. In this picture, the entanglement spectrum of a topologically ordered system is identified with the spectrum of quasiparticle fluctuations of the system, and the entanglement entropy measures the maximal quasiparticle fluctuations on the EB. As a consequence, entanglement entropy corresponds to the thermal entropy of the quasipa…
We analyze the symmetry realized asymptotically on the two dimensional boundary of AdS_3 geometry in topologically massive gravity, which consists of the gravitational Chern-Simons term as well as the usual Einstein-Hilbert and negative cosmological constant terms. Our analysis is based on the conventional canonical method and proceeds along the line completely parallel to the original Brown and Henneaux's. In spite of the presence of the gravitational Chern-Simons term, it is confirmed by the canonical method that the boundary theory actually has the conformal symmetry satisfying the left and…
In this paper, I calculate the large $N$ limit of marginal $O(N)$ models with non-polynomial potentials in arbitrary odd dimensions $d$. This results in a new class of interacting pure conformal field theories (CFTs) in $d=3+4n$ for any $n \in \mathbb{Z}_+$. Similarly, in $d=3+4n$ I calculate the thermal entropy for all couplings on $R^{2+4n} \times S^1$ for $n=0,1,2,3$. In 2+1 dimensions I find the strong-to-weak coupling ratio of the thermal entropy to be 4/5, matching recent results, and further extend this analysis to higher odd dimensions. Next, I calculated the vacuum entanglement entrop…
The entanglement entropy for smooth regions $\cal A$ has a logarithmic divergent contribution with a shape dependent coefficient and that for regions with conical singularities an additional $\log ^2$ term. Comparing the coefficient of this extra term, obtained by direct holographic calculation for an infinite cone, with the corresponding limiting case for the shape dependent coefficient for a regularised cone, a mismatch by a factor two has been observed in the literature. We discuss several aspects of this issue. In particular a regularisation of $\cal A$, intrinsically delivered by the holo…
We reconsider warped black hole solutions in topologically massive gravity and find novel boundary conditions that allow for soft hairy excitations on the horizon. To compute the associated symmetry algebra we develop a general framework to compute asymptotic symmetries in any Chern-Simons-like theory of gravity. We use this to show that the near horizon symmetry algebra consists of two u(1) current algebras and recover the surprisingly simple entropy formula $S=2π(J_0^+ + J_0^-)$, where $J_0^\pm$ are zero mode charges of the current algebras. This provides the first example of a locally non-m…
We extend our recent work on the quasilocal formulation of conserved charges to a theory of gravity containing a gravitational Chern-Simons term. As an application of our formulation, we compute the off-shell potential and quasilocal conserved charges of some black holes in three-dimensional topologically massive gravity. Our formulation for conserved charges reproduces very effectively the well-known expressions on conserved charges and the entropy expression of black holes in the topologically massive gravity.
A computation of the quotient of shear viscosity to entropy density, or KSS number $η/s$ is performed, in the non-relativistic and classical regime, first in Chiral Perturbation Theory, and then in the $SO(g+1)/SO(g)$ Non-Linear Sigma Model in the large $g$ limit. Both are field theories stemming from a renormalizable Sigma Model but in spite of that, we explicitly calculate how one undercomes the KSS bound by increasing the number of degenerate pions sufficiently. However we argue that particle production could still keep the validity of the KSS bound in the weak sense. We also show how a lar…
We propose a new link between entropy and area: an eternal black hole with an ER bridge with cross-section $A$ can carry a macroscopic amount of quantum information, or be in a mixed state, with entropy bounded by $S \leq A/4G_N$. We substantiate our proposal in the context of AdS3 and JT gravity, by using the Island prescription and replica wormhole method for computing the black hole entropy. We argue that the typical mixed state of a two sided black hole takes the form of an entangled `thermo-mixed double' state with only classical correlations between the two sides. Our result for the von …
The statistical entropy of a scalar field on the warped AdS$_3$ black hole in the cosmological topologically massive gravity is calculated based on the brick-wall method, which is different from the Wald's entropy formula giving the modified area law due to the higher-derivative corrections in that the entropy still satisfies the area law. It means that the entropy for scalar excitations on this background is independent of higher-order derivative terms or the conventional brick wall method has some limitations to take into account the higher-derivative terms.
We provide a model-independent argument indicating that for a black hole of entropy N the non-thermal deviations from Hawking radiation, per each emission time, are of order 1/N, as opposed to exp(-N). This fact abolishes the standard a priory basis for the information paradox.
We study the entropy of extremal warped black hole obtained from the topologically massive gravity with a negative cosmological constant of $Λ=-1/l^2$. We compare the entropy $S_e=πα/3G$ from the Wald formalism with $S_w=πl u /3G$ from the entropy function approach. These are the same if $α=l u$. Also we obtain the same Cardy formula when $J_e= l^3 q$ with $J_e$ the angular momentum and $q$ the conserved quantity.
We reconsider entropy arguments which have been previously argued to support the idea that the dark matter constituents are primordial black holes with many solar masses. It has recently been shown that QCD axions which solve the strong CP problem may have masses $m_a$ in the extended range $10^{-3}eV > m_a > 10^{-33} eV$. Ultralight axions provide so many degrees of freedom that their entropy can exceed that of primordial black holes. This suggests that ultralight axions are more suited than primordial black holes to be constituents of dark matter.
Topologically massive gravity (TMG) in three dimensions provides an interesting toy model for constructing a quantum theory of gravity. Although it can be thought of as standing as a theory in its own right, it is also of interest to see whether it can be described within the larger framework of string theory or M-theory. In this paper, we show that it can be embedded within the heterotic string, via a compactification on $S^3\times T^4$. Since all solutions of TMG can now be lifted to ten dimensions, this allows us to give a string and brane interpretation to quantities such as the central ch…
We consider a realization of the Galilean conformal algebra (GCA) in two dimensional space-time on the AdS boundary of a particular three dimensional gravity theory, the so-called cosmological topologically massive gravity (CTMG), which includes the gravitational Chern-Simons term and the negative cosmological constant. The infinite dimensional GCA in two dimensions is obtained from the Virasoro algebra for the relativistic CFT by taking a scaling limit $t\to t$, $x\toεx$ with $ε\to 0$. The parent relativistic CFT should have left and right central charges of order $\mathcal{O}(1/ε)$ but oppos…
In the framework of thermal quantization of radial geodesics completely confined behind the horizons we calculate the entropy of BTZ black hole in agreement with the Bekenstein--Hawking relation. Particles in the BTZ black hole occupy the only quantum ground level. The quantization allow us to find a linear dependence of black hole mass versus its orbital momentum.
Black holes in 2+1 dimensions enjoy long range topological interactions similar to those of non-abelian anyon excitations in a topologically ordered medium. Using this observation, we compute the topological entanglement entropy of BTZ black holes, via the established formula S_top = log(S^a_0), with S_b^a the modular S-matrix of the Virasoro characters chi_a(tau). We find a precise match with the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy. This result adds a new twist to the relationship between quantum entanglement and the interior geometry of black holes. We generalize our result to higher spin black holes…
We study the ground-state entanglement of gapped domain walls between topologically ordered systems in two spatial dimensions. We derive a universal correction to the ground-state entanglement entropy, which is equal to the logarithm of the total quantum dimension of a set of superselection sectors localized on the domain wall. This expression is derived from the recently proposed entanglement bootstrap method.
In this note we explore the validity of the first law of entanglement entropy in the context of the topologically massive gravity (TMG). We found that the variation of the holographic entanglement entropy under perturbation from the pure AdS background satisfies the first law upon imposing the bulk equations of motion in a given time slice, despite the appearance of instabilities in the bulk for generic gravitationl Chern-Simons coupling $μ$. The black hole entropy is different from the holographic entanglement entropy in a general boosted frame. This discrepancy however do not affect the enta…
It is argued that string theory on the Euclidean version of the Schwarzschild black hole -- the cigar geometry -- admits a zero mode that is localized at the tip of the cigar. The presence of this mode implies that in string theory, unlike in general relativity, the tip of the cigar is a special region. This is in tension with the Euclidean version of the black hole complementarity principle. We provide some qualitative arguments that link between this zero mode and the origin of the black hole entropy and firewall at the horizon.
We study the entanglement entropy of gauged internal degrees of freedom in a two dimensional symmetric product orbifold CFT, whose configurations consist of $N$ strands sewn together into "long" strings, with wavefunctions symmetrized under permutations. In earlier work a related notion of "entwinement" was introduced. Here we treat this system analogously to a system of $N$ identical particles. From an algebraic point of view, we point out that the reduced density matrix on $k$ out of $N$ particles is not associated with a subalgebra of operators, but rather with a linear subspace, which we e…
We study the entropy of static dyonic BPS black holes in AdS$_4$ in 4d $\mathcal{N}=2$ gauged supergravities with vector and hyper multiplets, and how the entropy can be reproduced with a microscopic counting of states in the AdS/CFT dual field theory. We focus on the particular example of BPS black holes in AdS$_4 \times S^6$ in massive Type IIA, whose dual three-dimensional boundary description is known and simple. To count the states in field theory we employ a supersymmetric topologically twisted index, which can be computed exactly with localization techniques. We find perfect match at le…
In most attempts to compute the Hartle-Hawking ``wave function of the universe'' in Euclidean quantum gravity, two important approximations are made: the path integral is evaluated in a saddle point approximation, and only the leading (least action) extremum is taken into account. In (2+1)-dimensional gravity with a negative cosmological constant, the second assumption is shown to lead to incorrect results: although the leading extremum gives the most important single contribution to the path integral, topologically inequivalent instantons with larger actions occur in great enough numbers to p…
We examine the holographic entanglement entropy of spherical regions in de Sitter space in the presence of massive flavour fields which are modelled by probe D7 branes in AdS_5xS^5. We focus on the finite part of the massive correction to the entropy in the limits of small mass and large mass that are separated by a phase transition between two topologically distinct brane embeddings. For small masses, it approaches the flat space result for small spheres, whereas for large spheres there is a term that goes as the log of the sphere radius. For large masses, we find evidence for a universal con…
In this paper we review the properties of the black hole entropy in the light of a general conformal field theory treatment. We find that the properties of horizons of the BTZ black holes in ADS_{3}, can be described in terms of an effective unitary CFT_{2} with central charge c=1 realized in terms of the Fubini-Veneziano vertex operators. It is found a relationship between the topological properties of the black hole solution and the infinite algebra extension of the conformal group in 2D, SU(2,2), i.e. the Virasoro Algebra, and its subgroup SL(2,Z) which generates the modular symmetry. Such …
