无穷大齐次自引力系统的动力学稳定性:Nyquist方法的应用
Dynamical stability of infinite homogeneous self-gravitating systems: application of the Nyquist method
摘要:
我们完成经典的调查有关的动态稳定性的无限均匀气体介质所描述的欧拉-泊松系统或一个无限均匀恒星系统所描述的Vlasov-Poisson系统(金斯问题)。为了确定一个无限大的均匀恒星系统相对于波数k的扰动的稳定性,我们应用Nyquist方法。我们首先考虑单峰分布的情况下,并表明,对于无限的均匀系统,不稳定的发病是相同的恒星系统和相应的正压气体,相反的情况下,非均匀系统。我们表明,这一结果是真实的任何对称单峰速度分布,而不仅仅是麦克斯韦。如果我们专注于等温和多变分布,增长率,阻尼率和脉动周期的扰动可以给出解析表达式。然后,我们考虑了对称和非对称双峰分布(双流恒星系统)的弗拉索夫稳定性,并根据非对称程度确定稳定性图。我们比较这些结果与欧拉稳定性的两个自引力气流。最后,我们在等离子体的情况下确定相应的稳定性图,并与自引力系统的结果进行比较。
英文摘要:
We complete classical investigations concerning the dynamical stability of an infinite homogeneous gaseous medium described by the Euler-Poisson system or an infinite homogeneous stellar system described by the Vlasov-Poisson system (Jeans problem). To determine the stability of an infinite homogeneous stellar system with respect to a perturbation of wavenumber k, we apply the Nyquist method. We first consider the case of single-humped distributions and show that, for infinite homogeneous systems, the onset of instability is the same in a stellar system and in the corresponding barotropic gas, contrary to the case of inhomogeneous systems. We show that this result is true for any symmetric single-humped velocity distribution, not only for the Maxwellian. If we specialize on isothermal and polytropic distributions, analytical expressions for the growth rate, damping rate and pulsation period of the perturbation can be given. Then, we consider the Vlasov stability of symmetric and asymmetric double-humped distributions (two-stream stellar systems) and determine the stability diagrams depending on the degree of asymmetry. We compare these results with the Euler stability of two self-gravitating gaseous streams. Finally, we determine the corresponding stability diagrams in the case of plasmas and compare the results with self-gravitating systems.
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