单晶石墨在深紫外波段的负折射
Negative refraction at deep-ultraviolet frequency in monocrystalline graphite
摘要：
负折射是如此突出的电磁现象，以至于大多数研究人员认为它只能发生在人工工程超材料中。在这篇文章中，我们首次报道了自然存在的材料中所有入射角的负折射。利用椭圆偏振法测量了单晶石墨在深紫外波段（典型波长为254 nm）的等衍射轮廓，发现在20 ° ~ 70 °的入射角范围内，单晶石墨具有明显的负折射。这种负折射归因于石墨晶体结构中极强的各向异性，这使得晶体具有不确定的渗透性。这一结果不仅探索了识别天然负折射率材料的新途径，而且还有望开发紫外超透镜，这可能导致纳米光刻技术的突破，这是下一代电子产品所必需的最关键技术。
英文摘要：
Negative refraction is such a prominent electromagnetic phenomenon that most researchers believe it can only occur in artificially engineered metamaterials. In this article, we report negative refraction for all incident angles for the first time in a naturally existing material. Using ellipsometry measurement of the equifrequency contour in the deep-ultraviolet frequency region (typically 254 nm), obvious negative refraction was demonstrated in monocrystalline graphite for incident angles ranging from 20o to 70o. This negative refraction is attributed to extremely strong anisotropy in the crystal structure of graphite, which gives the crystal indefinite permeability. This result not only explores a new route to identifying natural negative-index materials, but it also holds promise for the development of an ultraviolet hyperlens, which may lead to a breakthrough in nanolithography, the most critical technology necessary for the next generation of electronics.
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