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费米实验室Tevatron质子-反质子对撞机的QCD结果

QCD Results from the Fermilab Tevatron proton-antiproton Collider

Andreas Warburton

摘要:

回顾了费米实验室运行II Tevatron质子-反质子碰撞的量子色动力学(QCD)测量结果,这些测量结果是由费米实验室(CDF)和DZero合作组的对撞机探测器在sqrt{s}=1.96 TeV的质心能量下进行的。从TeV尺度的Rutherford散射研究到TeV尺度的包含喷流和双喷流的散射截面测量,都被用来寻找和约束新的粒子物理现象,检验微扰QCD计算,为部分子分布函数(PDF)的确定提供信息,并提取强耦合常数的精确值,alpha_s(m_Z)= 0.1161^{+0.0041}-{0.0048}.包容性的光子产生截面测量揭示了次领先阶(NLO)微扰QCD(pQCD)计算无法描述直接在硬散射中产生的低能光子。用γ + 3-喷注结构的事例测量了越来越重要的双部分子散射(DPS)现象,得到有效相互作用截面为sigma_{eff} = 16.4 +- 2.3 mb.对中心排他粒子产生的观测证明了在大型强子对撞机(LHC)上使用类似技术观测标准模型希格斯玻色子的可行性。三个领域的调查低能量QCD,理解高能对撞机现象至关重要,进行了讨论:检查内喷流轨道运动学推断,喷流形成主要由pQCD,而不是强子化,效果;详细研究的基本事件及其普遍性;和包容性最小偏置带电粒子动量和多重性测量,这是挑战蒙特卡洛发电机。

英文摘要:

Selected recent quantum chromodynamics (QCD) measurements are reviewed for Fermilab Run II Tevatron proton-antiproton collisions studied by the Collider Detector at Fermilab (CDF) and DZero Collaborations at a centre-of-mass energy of sqrt{s}=1.96 TeV. Tantamount to Rutherford scattering studies at the TeV scale, inclusive jet and dijet production cross-section measurements are used to seek and constrain new particle physics phenomena, test perturbative QCD calculations, inform parton distribution function (PDF) determinations, and extract a precise value of the strong coupling constant, alpha_s(m_Z) = 0.1161^{+0.0041}_{-0.0048}. Inclusive photon production cross-section measurements reveal an inability of next-to-leading-order (NLO) perturbative QCD (pQCD) calculations to describe low-energy photons arising directly in the hard scatter. Events with gamma + 3-jet configurations are used to measure the increasingly important double parton scattering (DPS) phenomenon, with an obtained effective interaction cross section of sigma_{eff} = 16.4 +- 2.3 mb. Observations of central exclusive particle production demonstrate the viability of observing the Standard Model Higgs boson using similar techniques at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). Three areas of inquiry into lower energy QCD, crucial to understanding high-energy collider phenomena, are discussed: the examination of intra-jet track kinematics to infer that jet formation is dominated by pQCD, and not hadronization, effects; detailed studies of the underlying event and its universality; and inclusive minimum-bias charged-particle momentum and multiplicity measurements, which are shown to challenge the Monte Carlo generators.

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