纳米颗粒悬浮液蒸发薄膜去湿的模拟方法
Modelling approaches to the dewetting of evaporating thin films of nanoparticle suspensions
摘要：
我们回顾了最近的实验去湿薄膜的蒸发胶体纳米粒子悬浮液（nanofluids），并讨论了几种理论方法来描述正在进行的过程，包括耦合传输和相变。这些方法从微观离散随机理论到介观连续确定性描述。特别是，我们描述了（i）微观动力学蒙特卡罗模型，（ii）动力学密度泛函理论和（iii）流体动力学薄膜模型。模型（i）和（ii）被用来讨论形成的多边形网络，spinodal和分支结构所产生的去湿的一个“后体膜”，仍然落后于介观去湿前线。我们强调，特别是，存在横向不稳定的蒸发去湿锋，这会导致高度分支的指状结构。微妙的相互作用的分解在电影和接触线运动进行了讨论。最后，我们讨论了一个简单的中尺度流体力学薄膜模型。我们采用耦合的膜厚分布和平均颗粒浓度的演化方程。该模型被用来讨论的自钉扎和脱钉的接触线有关的“咖啡染色”的效果。在回顾的过程中，我们讨论了不同理论的优点和局限性，以及未来可能的发展和扩展。
英文摘要：
We review recent experiments on dewetting thin films of evaporating colloidal nanoparticle suspensions (nanofluids) and discuss several theoretical approaches to describe the ongoing processes including coupled transport and phase changes. These approaches range from microscopic discrete stochastic theories to mesoscopic continuous deterministic descriptions. In particular, we describe (i) a microscopic kinetic Monte Carlo model, (ii) a dynamical density functional theory and (iii) a hydrodynamic thin film model. Models (i) and (ii) are employed to discuss the formation of polygonal networks, spinodal and branched structures resulting from the dewetting of an ultrathin 'postcursor film' that remains behind a mesoscopic dewetting front. We highlight, in particular, the presence of a transverse instability in the evaporative dewetting front, which results in highly branched fingering structures. The subtle interplay of decomposition in the film and contact line motion is discussed. Finally, we discuss a simple thin film model (iii) of the hydrodynamics on the mesoscale. We employ coupled evolution equations for the film thickness profile and mean particle concentration. The model is used to discuss the self-pinning and depinning of a contact line related to the 'coffee-stain' effect. In the course of the review we discuss the advantages and limitations of the different theories, as well as possible future developments and extensions.
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