硅纳米晶的斯塔克效应、极化率和电吸收
Stark effect, polarizability and electroabsorption in silicon nanocrystals
摘要：
与其他材料不同，在氧化物中嵌入的硅纳米晶体（NC）中证明量子限制斯塔克效应（QCSE）是相当难以捉摸的。在这里，最近的实验数据，从离子注入硅纳米粒子的QCSE使用原子赝势理论的背景下明确地解释。这进一步揭示了大部分斯塔克位移来自价态，其经历能级交叉，导致相对于所施加的场的非单调辐射复合行为。在2.5- 6.5 nm的直径范围内提取包括激子效应的嵌入式Si NC的极化率，其显示立方标度$α=c D^3$，具有$c=2.436\times 10^{-11}$ C/（Vm），其中$D$是NC直径。最后，基于带内电吸收分析，预测p型掺杂的Si纳米碳将显示出显著的电压可调谐性，而n型掺杂的样品应该几乎不敏感。鉴于体硅作为中心对称晶体缺乏线性电光效应的事实，这可能为使用p型掺杂Si NC的电调制提供了一种可行的替代方案。
英文摘要：
Demonstrating the quantum-confined Stark effect (QCSE) in silicon nanocrystals (NCs) embedded in oxide has been rather elusive, unlike the other materials. Here, the recent experimental data from ion-implanted Si NCs is unambiguously explained within the context of QCSE using an atomistic pseudopotential theory. This further reveals that the majority of the Stark shift comes from the valence states which undergo a level crossing that leads to a nonmonotonic radiative recombination behavior with respect to the applied field. The polarizability of embedded Si NCs including the excitonic effects is extracted over a diameter range of 2.5--6.5 nm, which displays a cubic scaling, $α=c D^3$, with $c=2.436\times 10^{-11}$ C/(Vm), where $D$ is the NC diameter. Finally, based on intraband electroabsorption analysis, it is predicted that p-doped Si NCs will show substantial voltage tunability, whereas n-doped samples should be almost insensitive. Given the fact that bulk silicon lacks the linear electro-optic effect as being a centrosymmetric crystal, this may offer a viable alternative for electrical modulation using p-doped Si NCs.
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