中能空间应用X射线实验
X-ray experiments for Space applications in intermediate energy range
摘要：
位于加尔各答的印度空间应用空间物理学中心进行了中能范围（1-50千电子伏）的X射线实验。目的是对空间仪器进行开发研究，以观测致密物体（黑洞和致密星）和活跃星的高能现象，并对其进行测试和评价。测试/评估装置主要由X射线发生器、各种X射线成像掩模、X射线成像仪（CMOS）和X射线光谱仪（Si-PIN光电二极管）组成。X射线发生器（钼靶）在1-50 kV阳极电压和1-30 mA射束电流下工作。使用45英尺长的屏蔽准直器来准直通向具有30弧秒角直径的检测器室的射束。使用两种类型的成像掩模-常规编码孔径掩模（CAM）和具有几十弧秒的角分辨率的钨菲涅耳半周期波带片（ZP）。对两个ZP的合成阴影产生的莫尔条纹图进行逆傅里叶变换，得到X射线源分布。CAM是有利的，但是所获得的分辨率受到其最小像素尺寸的限制。我们的设置已被广泛用于测试和评估的RT-2有效载荷已发射最近（2009年1月30日）。正在设计和测试更多改进成像技术的实验。
英文摘要：
X-ray experiments in the intermediate energy range (1-50 keV) are carried out at the Indian Centre for Space Physics (ICSP), Kolkata for space application. The purpose is to carry out developmental studies of space instruments to observe energetic phenomena from compact objects (black hole and compact stars) and active stars and their testing and evaluation. The testing/evaluation setup primarily consists of an X-ray generator, various X-ray imaging masks, an X-ray imager (CMOS) and an X-ray spectrometer (Si-PIN photo-diode). The X-ray generator (Mo target) operates in 1-50 kV anode voltage, and 1-30 mA beam current. A 45 feet long shielded collimator is used to collimate the beam which leads to the detector chamber having a 30 arc-sec angular diameter. Two types of imaging masks are used - conventional Coded Aperture Masks (CAM) and Tungsten Fresnel half-period zone-plates (ZPs) having angular resolutions of a few tens of arc-sec. The Moire fringe pattern produced by the composite shadows of two ZPs is inverse Fourier transformed to obtain the X-ray source distribution. CAMs are advantageous but the resolution obtained is limited by their smallest pixel size. Our setup has been extensively used in testing and evaluation of RT-2 payloads which have been launched recentlya (January 30, 2009). More experiments for improving imaging techniques are being designed and tested.
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