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arXiv 0912.0927astro-ph.GAastro-ph.SR
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银河系分子盘下“边”附近的年轻恒星和反射星云

Young stars and reflection nebulae near the lower "edge" of the Galactic molecular disc

Pedro M. Palmeirim, Joao L. Yun

摘要:

我们研究了发生在银河平面以下朝向光学反射星云ESO 368-8(IRAS 07383-3325)的区域中的恒星形成。我们确认存在一个小的年轻星团(或数十个YSO的聚集体),嵌入在位于银河系圆盘较低“边缘”附近的分子云中,并将年轻的恒星星族排除在外。我们报告了一个近红外星云的发现,并提出了一个CO地图揭示了一个新的密集,动态云核心。我们使用近红外JHKs图像,毫米CO光谱和光学V波段图像。这个恒星形成区显示了一个光学反射星云(ESO 368-8)和一个近红外星云,它们之间的距离约为46”(1.1 pc)。这两个星云很可能是同时代的,代表了同一个恒星形成时期的两种表现,年龄大约为100万年。近红外星云揭示了一个嵌入式的,光学和近红外不可见的光源,其光散射了由以前的恒星喷流或分子流出所雕刻的空腔,并进入我们的视线。分子云完全被我们的CO(J=1-0)图所覆盖,由这条线追踪,它延伸到7.8 x 7.8 pc ^2的区域,显示出5.4' x 5.4'的角尺寸和类似于球形(或稍微彗星状)的球状体的形状(接近圆形)。朝向近红外星云的方向,分子云包含一个致密的核心,其中分子气体显示出大的线宽,表明一个非常动态的状态,具有搅拌气体和超音速运动。我们估计这个区域的分子气体质量在600到1600个太阳质量之间。光学反射星云和近红外星云的消光Av分别为3-4等和12-15等。

英文摘要:

We investigate the star formation occurring in a region well below the Galactic plane towards the optical reflection nebula ESO 368-8 (IRAS 07383-3325). We confirm the presence of a small young stellar cluster (or aggregate of tens of YSOs) identified earlier, embedded in a molecular cloud located near the lower "edge" of the Galactic disc, and characterise the young stellar population. We report the discovery of a near-infrared nebula, and present a CO map revealing a new dense, dynamic cloud core. We used near-infrared JHKs images, millimetre CO spectra and optical V-band images. This star formation region displays an optical reflection nebula (ESO 368-8) and a near-infrared nebula located about 46" (1.1 pc) from each other. The two nebulae are likely to be coeval and to represent two manifestations of the same single star formation episode with about 1 Myr age. The near-IR nebula reveals an embedded, optically and near-IR invisible source whose light scatters off a cavity carved by previous stellar jets or molecular outflows and into our line-of-sight. The molecular cloud is fully covered by our CO(J=1-0) maps and, traced by this line, extends over a region of 7.8 x 7.8 pc^2, exhibiting an angular size 5.4' x 5.4' and shape (close to circular) similar to spherical (or slightly cometary) globules. Towards the direction of the near-IR nebula, the molecular cloud contains a dense core where the molecular gas exhibits large line widths indicative of a very dynamical state, with stirred gas and supersonic motions. Our estimates of the mass of the molecular gas in this region range from 600 to 1600 solar masses. The extinction Av towards the positions of the optical reflection nebula and of the near-IR nebula was found to be Av=3-4 mag and Av=12-15 mag, respectively.

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