社会力模型的修正
A Modification of the Social Force Model by Foresight
摘要：
行人群体的运动（例如，用于模拟疏散情况）可以被建模为具有排斥相互作用的自驱动粒子的多体系统。我们使用一些简单的情况来确定力函数的最简单的允许函数形式。可能需要更复杂的模型来模拟更复杂的情况。这种模型有许多未知参数，必须正确调整。这些参数可以与可以独立测量的量相关，如步长和频率。然而，在许多情况下，微观行为只能很好地再现，接近站立或缓慢障碍物的人将例如显示出位置的振荡，并且在相反方向上在走廊中相遇的两个人的轨迹将远离现实并且有点不稳定。这在一定程度上是由于对瞬时情况的瞬时反应的假设。显然，人们的反应有一个小的时间滞后，而另一方面，他们将预期变化的情况，至少在很短的时间。因此，将排斥相互作用基于短时间（例如1秒）内的（线性）外推消除了减速时的振荡，并使让位于其他行为的模式变得更加现实。第二个问题是二元相互作用的加法组合。结果表明，结合只有几个相关的相互作用提供了更好的模型性能。
英文摘要：
The motion of pedestrian crowds (e.g. for simulation of an evacuation situation) can be modeled as a multi-body system of self driven particles with repulsive interaction. We use a few simple situations to determine the simplest allowed functional form of the force function. More complexity may be necessary to model more complex situations. There are many unknown parameters to such models, which have to be adjusted correctly. The parameters can be related to quantities that can be measured independently, like step length and frequency. The microscopic behavior is, however, only poorly reproduced in many situations, a person approaching a standing or slow obstacle will e.g. show oscillations in position, and the trajectories of two persons meeting in a corridor in opposite direction will be far from realistic and somewhat erratic. This is inpart due to the assumption of instantaneous reaction on the momentary situation. Obviously, persons react with a small time lag, while on the other hand they will anticipate changing situations for at least a short time. Thus basing the repulsive interaction on a (linear) extrapolation over a short time (e.g. 1 s) eliminates the oscillations at slowing down and smoothes the patterns of giving way to others to a more realistic behavior. A second problem is the additive combination of binary interactions. It is shown that combining only a few relevant interactions gives better model performance.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
