arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 0912.0533astro-ph.EP
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巨行星的内部结构、组成和演化

The Interior Structure, Composition, and Evolution of Giant Planets

Jonathan J. Fortney, Nadine Nettelmann

摘要:

我们讨论了我们目前对巨行星内部结构和热演化的理解。这包括气体巨星,如木星和土星,主要由氢和氦组成,以及“冰巨星”,如天王星和海王星,主要由比H/He重的元素组成。详细讨论了不同的氢状态方程(包括新的第一性原理计算)对木星核心质量和重元素分布的影响。这种氢的状态方程的变化转化为木星核心质量18 M_地球的不确定性。对于天王星和海王星,我们发现深包层金属丰度高达0.95,可能表明存在侵蚀的核心,这也得到了它们低光度的支持。我们讨论了我们的太阳系的行星简单的冷却模型的结果,并表明,更复杂的热演化模型可能是必要的,以了解他们的冷却历史。我们回顾了如何测量的质量和半径的约50过境太阳系外的巨行星正在改变我们的理解巨行星。特别是这些行星中的一小部分似乎比行星收缩的标准模型所能容纳的要大。我们回顾了这些行星半径的解释。我们还讨论了非常年轻的巨行星,这些行星正被地面和太空望远镜直接成像。

英文摘要:

We discuss our current understanding of the interior structure and thermal evolution of giant planets. This includes the gas giants, such as Jupiter and Saturn, that are primarily composed of hydrogen and helium, as well as the "ice giants," such as Uranus and Neptune, which are primarily composed of elements heavier than H/He. The effect of different hydrogen equations of state (including new first-principles computations) on Jupiter's core mass and heavy element distribution is detailed. This variety of the hydrogen equations of state translate into an uncertainty in Jupiter's core mass of 18 M_Earth. For Uranus and Neptune we find deep envelope metallicities up to 0.95, perhaps indicating the existence of an eroded core, as also supported by their low luminosity. We discuss the results of simple cooling models of our solar system's planets, and show that more complex thermal evolution models may be necessary to understand their cooling history. We review how measurements of the masses and radii of the ~50 transiting extrasolar giant planets are changing our understanding of giant planets. In particular a fraction of these planets appear to be larger than can be accommodated by standard models of planetary contraction. We review the proposed explanations for the radii of these planets. We also discuss very young giant planets, which are being directly imaged with ground- and space-based telescopes.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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