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arXiv 0911.5451astro-ph.GA
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金牛座恒星形成区新成员的红外/X射线巡天

An Infrared/X-ray Survey for New Members of the Taurus Star-Forming Region

K. L. Luhman, E. E. Mamajek, P. R. Allen, K. L. Cruz

摘要:

我们提出的结果,寻找新成员的金牛座恒星形成区使用的数据从斯皮策太空望远镜和XMM-牛顿天文台。我们获得了44个呈现红色斯皮策色的光源的光学和近红外光谱,这些光谱指示具有星周盘的恒星,以及Scelsi及其同事使用XMM-Newton识别出的51颗候选年轻恒星。我们还对Kraus和Hillenbrand报告的金牛座成员的四个可能的同伴进行了光谱分析。通过这些光谱,我们已经证明了41个来源的年轻和成员资格,其中10个被Scelsi和同事独立确认为年轻恒星。其中五颗金牛座的新成员很可能是棕矮星,基于它们的晚期光谱类型(>M6)。其中一颗褐矮星的光谱类型为L0,使其成为金牛座中第一个已知的L型成员,也是该区域已知质量最小的成员(M=4-7 M_Jup)。另一颗褐矮星的红外光谱能量分布平坦,这表明它可能处于原恒星I类阶段(恒星+盘+包层)。在检查来自不同天文台的档案图像后,我们发现其中一颗新的年轻恒星有一个大的边缘盘(r=2.5=350 AU)。在加拿大-法国-夏威夷望远镜的光学图像中,这个圆盘的散射光在几天的时间尺度上经历了显着的变化。使用更新的金牛座人口普查,我们已经测量了XMM-牛顿观测到的场的初始质量函数。由此产生的质量函数与我们之前报道的金牛座相似,显示出相对于IC 348,Chamaeleon I和猎户座星云团等附近的恒星形成区域,光谱类型为K7-M1(0.6-0.8 M_sun)的恒星过剩。

英文摘要:

We present the results of a search for new members of the Taurus star-forming region using data from the Spitzer Space Telescope and the XMM-Newton Observatory. We have obtained optical and near-infrared spectra of 44 sources that exhibit red Spitzer colors that are indicative of stars with circumstellar disks and 51 candidate young stars that were identified by Scelsi and coworkers using XMM-Newton. We also performed spectroscopy on four possible companions to members of Taurus that were reported by Kraus and Hillenbrand. Through these spectra, we have demonstrated the youth and membership of 41 sources, 10 of which were independently confirmed as young stars by Scelsi and coworkers. Five of the new Taurus members are likely to be brown dwarfs based on their late spectral types (>M6). One of the brown dwarfs has a spectral type of L0, making it the first known L-type member of Taurus and the least massive known member of the region (M=4-7 M_Jup). Another brown dwarf exhibits a flat infrared spectral energy distribution, which indicates that it could be in the protostellar class I stage (star+disk+envelope). Upon inspection of archival images from various observatories, we find that one of the new young stars has a large edge-on disk (r=2.5=350 AU). The scattered light from this disk has undergone significant variability on a time scale of days in optical images from the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope. Using the updated census of Taurus, we have measured the initial mass function for the fields observed by XMM-Newton. The resulting mass function is similar to previous ones that we have reported for Taurus, showing a surplus of stars at spectral types of K7-M1 (0.6-0.8 M_sun) relative to other nearby star-forming regions like IC 348, Chamaeleon I, and the Orion Nebula Cluster.

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