流动诱导搅拌产生颗粒状流体
Flow-induced Agitations Create a Granular Fluid
摘要：
我们通过局部搅拌的方法来研究颗粒介质中远离主流的静止区域的力学响应。在这些区域中，材料表现得像液体：高密度探针下沉，低密度探针漂浮在阿基米德定律给出的深度，移动探针上的阻力与速度成线性关系。材料的流体状特征由在搅拌区域中产生的搅拌设定，这表明非局部流变学：在一个位置处施加的应力和观察到的应变率之间的关系取决于另一个位置处的应变率。
英文摘要：
We fluidize a granular medium through localized stirring and probe the mechanical response of quiescent regions far away from the main flow. In these regions the material behaves like a liquid: high-density probes sink, low-density probes float at the depth given by Archimedes' law, and drag forces on moving probes scale linearly with the velocity. The fluid-like character of the material is set by agitations generated in the stirred region, suggesting a non-local rheology: the relation between applied stress and observed strain rate in one location depends on the strain rate in another location.
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