用Pan-STARRS视频模式光变曲线搜索亚千米级TNO：初步研究和工程数据评估
Searching for sub-kilometer TNOs using Pan-STARRS video mode lightcurves: Preliminary study and evaluation using engineering data
摘要：
我们提出了一个预调查研究，使用Pan-STARRS高采样率视频模式引导恒星图像搜索TNO。通过在Pan-STARRS 7 deg^{2}视场范围内选择合适的导航星，这些导航星的光变曲线也可以用于搜索TNO的掩星。为此，我们利用Tycho 2星表中mV <13等的恒星计算出的信噪比编制星表，然后将这些恒星与2 MASS星表进行交叉匹配，并根据（V-K）色估计它们的角尺寸。我们还概述了一种新的检测方法，匹配滤波器的基础上，优化搜索的衍射图案的光变曲线，由于掩星的亚公里TNOs。检测阈值被设置为在真实检测和误报之间折衷。根据所使用的理论大小分布模型，我们预计在Pan-STARRS-1项目的三年生命周期内将发现多达100个事件。我们已经在一组工程数据上测试了检测算法和流水线（以10 Hz而不是30 Hz获取）。在工程数据中未发现事件，这与数据集和理论模型的小规模一致。与此同时，凭借总计约22星时的视频模式数据（|β| < 10^{ \circ }），我们能够在95%置信限下将N（>0.5 km）的上限设置为~ 2.47 x 10^10 deg^-2。
英文摘要：
We present a pre-survey study of using Pan-STARRS high sampling rate video mode guide star images to search for TNOs. With suitable selection of the guide stars within the Pan-STARRS 7 deg^{2} field of view, the lightcurves of these guide stars can also be used to search for occultations by TNOs. The best target stars for this purpose are stars with high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and small angular size.In order to do this, we compiled a catalog using the SNR calculated from stars with m_V <13 mag in the Tycho2 catalog then cross matched these stars with the 2MASS catalog and estimated their angular sizes from (V-K) color. We also outlined a new detection method based on matched filter that is optimized to search for diffraction patterns in the lightcurves due to occultation by sub-kilometer TNOs. A detection threshold is set to compromise between real detections and false positives. Depending on the theoretical size distribution model used, we expect to find up to a hundred events during the three-year life time of the Pan-STARRS-1 project. We have tested the detection algorithm and the pipeline on a set of engineering data (taken at 10Hz in stead of 30Hz). No events were found within the engineering data, which is consistent with the small size of the data set and the theoretical models. Meanwhile, with a total of ~ 22 star-hours video mode data (|β| < 10^{\circ}), we are able to set an upper limit of N(>0.5 km) ~ 2.47x10^10 deg^-2 at 95% confidence limit.
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