纠缠分束器：双面光学微腔中的量子点自旋
The entanglement beam splitter: a quantum-dot spin in a double-sided optical microcavity
摘要：
提出了一种利用量子点自旋在双面光学微腔中实现纠缠分束的方法。与传统的光学分束器相比，EBS可以通过透射和反射将光子自旋产物态直接分裂成两个组成的纠缠态，具有高保真度和高效率（高达100%）。该器件是基于腔量子电动力学的结果，由一个单一的自旋诱导巨光学圆双折射和三子跃迁的自旋选择规则（泡利阻塞）。EBS具有很强的鲁棒性，并且不受实际量子点中精细结构分裂的影响。该量子器件可用于确定性地产生光子-自旋、光子-光子和自旋-自旋纠缠，以及单次量子非破坏测量单个自旋。因此，电子束散射在量子信息科学与技术中有着广泛的应用。
英文摘要：
We propose an entanglement beam splitter (EBS) using a quantum-dot spin in a double-sided optical microcavity. In contrast to the conventional optical beam splitter, the EBS can directly split a photon-spin product state into two constituent entangled states via transmission and reflection with high fidelity and high efficiency (up to 100 percent). This device is based on giant optical circular birefringence induced by a single spin as a result of cavity quantum electrodynamics and the spin selection rule of trion transition (Pauli blocking). The EBS is robust and it is immune to the fine structure splitting in a realistic quantum dot. This quantum device can be used for deterministically creating photon-spin, photon-photon and spin-spin entanglement as well as a single-shot quantum non-demolition measurement of a single spin. Therefore, the EBS can find wide applications in quantum information science and technology.
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