QSO中的未决问题
Pending problems in QSOs
摘要：
类星体（Quasi Stellar Objects，简称QSO）在被发现近半个世纪后的今天，仍然是人们尚未完全了解的天体。在这篇简短的评论中，对QSO研究中悬而未决的问题、不一致和警告进行了描述。标准的范式模型是基于质量非常大的黑洞的存在，这些黑洞是类星体巨大光度的原因，这是它们宇宙学红移的结果，留下了许多无法解释的事实。有几个观测结果缺乏明确的解释，例如：在低红移时没有明亮的类星体，这是一种未被正确理解的神秘演变;吸收线的不一致性，例如沿着类星体视线及其切线方向的云的不同结构;类星体和星系之间的空间相关性;以及许多其他问题。
英文摘要：
Quasars (Quasi Stellar Objects, abbreviated as QSOs) are still nowadays, close to half a century after their discovery, objects which are not completel y understood. In this brief review a description of the pending problems, inconsistencies and caveats in the QSO's research is presented. The standard paradigm model based on the existence of very massive black holes that are responsible for the QSO's huge luminosities, resulting from to their cosmological redshifts, leaves many facts without explanation. There are several observations which lack a clear explanation, for instance: the absence of bright QSOs at low redshifts, a mysterious evolution not properly understood; the inconsistencies of the absorption lines, such as the different structure of the clouds along the QSO's line of sight and their tangential directions; the spatial correlation between QSOs and galaxies; and many others.
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