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arXiv 0910.2234astro-ph.COastro-ph.GA
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z~2尘埃遮蔽星系的物理模型

A Physical Model for z~2 Dust Obscured Galaxies

Desika Narayanan, Arjun Dey, Christopher Hayward, Thomas J. Cox, R. Shane Bussmann, Mark Brodwin, Patrik Jonsson, Philip Hopkins, Brent Groves, Joshua D. Younger, Lars Hernquist

摘要:

本文提出了一个z~2尘埃掩星(DOG)起源的物理模型。DOG是一类在24 μ m波段的高红移超红外暴,它的光学特性特别微弱(24/R>1000)。通过结合N体/SPH模拟高红移星系演化和三维多色尘埃辐射转移模型,我们发现,(z~2处的F24 > 0.3 mJy)被很好地模拟为大质量(~5x10^12-10^13 Msun)晕中的极端富气合并,恒星形成率升高(~500-1000 Msun/年)和/或活动星系核显著增长(Mdot > 0.5 Msun/年),而亮度较低的DOG在性质上更加多样化。在最后的合并,合并驱动的DOG过渡,从星爆为主的AGN为主,从“凸”的幂律形的中红外(IRAC)光谱能量分布(SED)的演变。在DOG阶段之后,该星系又恢复到“凹凸”的SED状态,颜色更蓝,恒星形成率更低。虽然正则幂律星系与活动星系核占主导地位,我们发现,幂律中红外SED可以归功于活动星系核的直接贡献,以及一个严重的尘埃遮蔽恒星碰撞的时候,星系是星爆占主导地位。因此,幂律星系既可以是星暴型的,也可以是活动星系核型的。亮度较低的DOG可以通过合并或大质量($ M_{\rm baryon} ~ 5 × 10^11 Msun)长期演化的富气盘星系(SFR > 50 Msun/年)来很好地代表。通过利用与Narayanan等人(2010)的SMG形成研究中使用的模型相似的模型,我们研究了DOG和SMG之间的联系。我们发现,最严重的恒星形成合并驱动的DOG可以被选为亚毫米波星系(SMG),而合并驱动和长期发展的DOG通常满足BzK的选择标准。

英文摘要:

We present a physical model for the origin of z~2 Dust-Obscured Galaxies (DOGs), a class of high-redshift ULIRGs selected at 24 micron which are particularly optically faint (24/R>1000). By combining N-body/SPH simulations of high redshift galaxy evolution with 3D polychromatic dust radiative transfer models, we find that luminous DOGs (with F24 > 0.3 mJy at z~2 are well-modeled as extreme gas-rich mergers in massive (~5x10^12-10^13 Msun) halos, with elevated star formation rates (~500-1000 Msun/yr) and/or significant AGN growth (Mdot > 0.5 Msun/yr), whereas less luminous DOGs are more diverse in nature. At final coalescence, merger-driven DOGs transition from being starburst dominated to AGN dominated, evolving from a "bump" to a power-law shaped mid-IR (IRAC) spectral energy distribution (SED). After the DOG phase, the galaxy settles back to exhibiting a "bump" SED with bluer colors and lower star formation rates. While canonically power-law galaxies are associated with being AGN-dominated, we find that the power-law mid-IR SED can owe both to direct AGN contribution, as well as to a heavily dust obscured stellar bump at times that the galaxy is starburst dominated. Thus power-law galaxies can be either starburst or AGN dominated. Less luminous DOGs can be well-represented either by mergers, or by massive ($M_{\rm baryon} ~5x10^11 Msun) secularly evolving gas-rich disc galaxies (with SFR > 50 Msun/yr). By utilising similar models as those employed in the SMG formation study of Narayanan et al. (2010), we investigate the connection between DOGs and SMGs. We find that the most heavily star-forming merger driven DOGs can be selected as Submillimetre Galaxies (SMGs), while both merger-driven and secularly evolving DOGs typically satisfy the BzK selection criteria.

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