具有化学自势的硬球流体
Hard-Sphere Fluids with Chemical Self-Potentials
摘要：
研究了一组非线性不动点方程解的存在性、唯一性和稳定性，该方程定义了一个经典连续介质流体的自洽流体静力平衡，该流体被限制在一个容器内，并与一个热库和一个物质库或仅仅与一个热库接触.局域热力学由硬球系统的统计力学在卡纳汉-斯塔林近似下提供。流体的每粒子局部化学势是物质库的贡献和自身贡献的总和，其通过将流体密度分布与范德华、汤川或牛顿核进行卷积来计算。我们证明了巨正则相变和嵌入巨正则相变中的小正则相变的存在。
英文摘要：
Existence, uniqueness and stability of solutions is studied for a set of nonlinear fixed point equations which define self-consistent hydrostatic equilibria of a classical continuum fluid that is confined inside a container and in contact with either a heat and a matter reservoir, or just a heat reservoir. The local thermodynamics is furnished by the statistical mechanics of a system of hard balls, in the approximation of Carnahan-Starling. The fluid's local chemical potential per particle at is the sum of the matter reservoir's contribution and a self contribution which is computed by convoluting the fluid density distribution with a van der Waals, a Yukawa, or a Newton kernel. We prove the existence of a grand canonical phase transition, and a petit canonical phase transition which is embedded in the former.
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