We consider a spherically symmetric and asymptotically flat vacuum solution of the Horava-Lifshitz (HL) gravity that is the analog of the general relativistic Schwarzschild black hole. In the weak-field and slow-motion approximation, we work out the correction to the third Kepler law of a test particle induced by such a solution and compare it to the phenomenologically determined orbital period of the transiting extrasolar planet HD209458b Osiris to preliminarily obtain an order-of-magnitude lower bound on the KS dimensionless parameter ω_0 >= 1.4\times 10^-18. As suggestions for further analyses, the entire data set of HD209458b should be re-processed by explicitly modeling KS gravity as well, and one or more dedicated solve-for parameter(s) should be estimated.
We focus on Horava-Lifshitz (HL) theory of gravity, and, in particular, on the Kehagias and Sfetsos s solution that is the analog of Schwarzschild black hole of General Relativity. In the weak-field and slow-motion approximation we analytically work out the secular precession of the longitude of the pericentre of a test particle induced by this solution. Its analytical form is different from that of the general relativistic Einstein's pericentre precession. Then, we compare it to the latest determinations of the corrections to the standard Newtonian/ Einsteinian planetary perihelion precession…
We further the investigation on the Parikh-Kraus-Wilczeck tunneling radiation of Kehagias-Sfetsos black hole under the generalized uncertainty principle. We obtain the entropy difference involving the influence from the inequality. The two terms as generalizations of the Heisenberg's uncertainty promote or retard the emission of this kind of black holes respectively.
The motion of a massive test particle around a Kehagias-Sfetsos black hole in deformed Hourava-Lifshitz gravity is studied. Employing the effective potential, the marginally bound orbits and the innermost stable circular orbits are analyzed. For the marginally bound orbits, their radius and angular momentum decrease with the parameter $ω$ of the gravity. For the innermost stable circular orbits, the energy and angular momentum also decrease with $ω$. Based on these results, we investigate the periodic orbits in the Kehagias-Sfetsos black holes. It is found that the apsidal angle parameter incr…
We analytically work out the perturbation induced by the Kehagias-Sfetsos (KS) space-time solution of the Horava-Lifshitz (HL) modified gravity at long distances on the two-body range for a pair of test particles A and B orbiting the same mass M. We apply our results to the most recently obtained range-residuals δρfor some planets of the solar system (Mercury, Mars, Saturn) ranged from the Earth to effectively constrain the dimensionsless KS parameter ψ_0 for the Sun. We obtain ψ_0 >= 7.2 x 10^-10 (Mercury), ψ_0 >= 9 x 10^-12 (Mars), ψ_0 >= 1.7 x 10^-12 (Saturn). Such lower bounds are tighter …
By assuming that the Kehagias-Sfetsos black hole is an exact solution of the standard Einstein equations, we investigate the properties of its source that generates the curvature. The anisotropic fluid has $p_{r} = - ρ$ as equation of state and fulfills the WEC and NEC. The gravitational field is repulsive inside the horizon and attractive outside, becoming of Schwarzschild type at large distances. The Misner-Sharp energy equals the black hole mass asymptotically.
We study the optical properties of the Kehagias-Sfetsos (KS) compact objects, characterized by the "Hořava" parameter $ω_{_{KS}}$, in the presence of plasma, considering its homogeneous or power-law density distribution. The strong effects of both "Hořava" parameter $ω_{_{KS}}$ and plasma on the shadow cast by the KS compact objects are demonstrated. Using the weak field approximation, we investigate the gravitational lensing effect. Strong dependence of the deflection angle of the light on both the "Hořava" and plasma parameter is explicitly shown. The magnification of image source due to the…
Possible astrophysical consequences of the Hořava quantum gravity theory have been recently studied by several authors. They usually employ the Kehagias-Sfetsos (KS) spacetime which is a spherically symmetric vacuum solution of a specific version of Hořava's gravity. The KS metric has several unusual geometrical properties that in the present article we examine by means of the often used technique of embedding diagrams. We pay particular attention to the transition between naked singularity and black-hole states, which is possible along some particular sequences of the KS metrics.
The Kehagias-Sfetsos asymptotically flat black hole and naked singularity solutions of Hořava-Lifshitz gravity are investigated both in the weak-field and strong-field regimes. In the weak-field limit the gravitational field generated by the Kehagias-Sfetsos spherically symmetric solution is weaker then in the case of the Schwarzschild black hole of general relativity. In the strong-field regime naked singularities with $ω_{0} \ll 1 $ display an unusual distance dependence: gravity becomes weaker when approaching the singularity. The stability of circular orbits is also analyzed. While in the …
We study the second-order phase transition (SOPT) for the spherically symmetric Kehagias-Sfetsos (KS) black hole in the deformed Hǒrava-Lifshitz gravity by applying the methods of equilibrium and non-equilibrium fluctuations. We find that, although the KS black hole has only one mass parameter as the usual Schwarzschild ones, the SOPT will take place if the mass of the KS black hole changes across the critical point $\frac{\sqrt{5+\sqrt{33}}(\sqrt{33}-1)} {16\sqrtω} $. The result show us that there is difference between the Hǒrava-Lifshitz gravity and the Einstein's gravity theory.
We discuss photon and test-particle orbits in the Kehagias-Sfetsos (KS) metric. For any value of the Hořava parameter $ω$, there are values of the gravitational mass $M$ for which the metric describes a naked singularity, and this is always accompanied by a vacuum "antigravity sphere" on whose surface a test particle can remain at rest (in a zero angular momentum geodesic), and inside which no circular geodesics exist. The observational appearance of an accreting KS naked singularity in a binary system would be that of a quasi-static spherical fluid shell surrounded by an accretion disk, whose…
We construct perfect fluid tori in the field of the Kehagias-Sfetsos (K-S) naked singularity representing spherically symmetric vacuum solution of the modified Hořava quantum gravity that is characterized by a dimensionless parameter $ωM^2$, combining the gravitational mass parameter $M$ of the spacetime with the Hořava parameter $ω$ reflecting the role of the quantum corrections. In dependence on the value of $ωM^2$, the K-S naked singularities demonstrate a variety of qualitatively different behavior of their circular geodesics that is fully reflected in the properties of the toroidal struct…
Motivated by recent logarithmic entropy of Ho$\check{r}$ava-Lifshitz gravity, we investigate Hawking radiation for Kehagias-Sfetsos black hole from tunneling perspective. After considering the effect of self-gravitation, we calculate the emission rate and entropy of quantum tunneling by using Kraus-Parikh-Wilczek method. Meanwhile, both massless and massive particles are considered in this letter. Interestingly, two types tunneling particles have the same emission rate $Γ$ and entropy $S_b$ whose analytical formulae are $Γ= \exp{[π(r_{in}^2 - r_{out}^2t)/2 + π/α\ln r_{in}/r_{out}]}$ and $S_b =…
We speculate on various thermodynamic features of the inner horizon~(${\mathcal H}^{-}$) and outer horizons~(${\mathcal H}^{+}$) of Kehagias-Sfetsos~(KS) black hole~(BH) in the background of Hořava Lifshitz gravity. We compute particularly the \emph{area product, area sum, area minus and area division} of the BH horizons. We find that they all are \emph{not} showing universal behavior whereas the product is a universal quantity~ [Pradhan P., \textit{Phys. Lett. B}, {\bf 747} (2015) {64}]. Based on these relations, we derive the area bound of all horizons. From the area bound we derive the entr…
In this paper, under the illumination of thin disk accretion, we have employed the ray-tracing method to carefully investigate shadows and rings of the Kehagias-Sfetsos(KS) black hole in deformed Hořava-Lifshitz(HL) gravity. The results show that the event horizon $r_+$, the radius $r_p$ and impact parameter $b_{p}$ of photon sphere are all decreased with the increase of the HL parameter $ω$, but the effective potential increases. And, it also turns out that the trajectories of light rays emitted from the north pole direction are defined as the direct emission, lensing ring and photon ring of …
The application of information geometric ideas to statistical mechanics using a metric on the space of states, pioneered by Ruppeiner and Weinhold, has proved to be a useful alternative approach to characterizing phase transitions. Some puzzling anomalies become apparent, however, when these methods are applied to the study of black hole thermodynamics. A possible resolution was suggested by Quevedo et al. who emphasized the importance of Legendre invariance in thermodynamic metrics. They found physically consistent results for various black holes when using a Legendre invariant metric, which …
In the present work, we consider the possibility of observationally testing Hořava gravity by using the accretion disk properties around slowly rotating black holes of the Kehagias-Sfetsos solution in asymptotically flat spacetimes. The energy flux, temperature distribution, the emission spectrum as well as the energy conversion efficiency are obtained, and compared to the standard slowly rotating general relativistic Kerr solution. Comparing the mass accretion in a slowly rotating Kehagias-Sfetsos geometry in Hořava gravity with the one of a slowly rotating Kerr black hole, we verify that the…
Particle probe analysis of the Kehagias - Sfetsos black hole spacetime of Ho% řava-Lifshitz gravity is extended to wave probe analysis within the framework of quantum mechanics. The timelike naked singularity that develops when $ωM^{2}<1/2$, is probed with quantum fields obeying Klein-Gordon and Chandrasekhar-Dirac equations. Quantum field probe of the naked singularity has revealed that both the spatial part of the wave and the Hamiltonian operators of Klein-Gordon and Chandrasekhar-Dirac equations are essentially self-adjoint and thus, the naked singularity in the Kehagias - Sfetsos spacetim…
We investigate the area spectrum of Kehagias-Sfetsos black hole in Hořava-Lifshitz gravity via modified adiabatic invariant $I=\oint p_i d q_i$ and Bohr-Sommerfeld quantization rule. We find that the area spectrum is equally spaced with a spacing of $ ΔA=4 πl_p ^2$. We have also studied the thermodynamic behavior of KS black hole by deriving different thermodynamic quantities.
In this paper we calculate the energy distribution of the Mu-in Park, Kehagias-Sfetsos (KS) and Lü, Mei and Pope (LMP) black holes in the Hořava-Lifshitz theory of gravity. These black hole solutions correspond to the standard Einstein-Hilbert action in the infrared limit. For our calculations we use the Einstein and Møller prescriptions. Various limiting and particular cases are also discussed.
We investigate slowly rotating black holes in the Hořava-Lifshitz (HL) gravity. For $Λ_W=0$ and $λ=1$, we find a slowly rotating black hole of the Kehagias-Sfetsos solution in asymptotically flat spacetimes. We discuss their thermodynamic properties by computing mass, temperature, angular momentum, and angular velocity on the horizon.
We study the first law of thermodynamics in IR modified Hǒrava-Lifshitz spacetime. Based on the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy, we obtain the integral formula and the differential formula of the first law of thermodynamics for the Kehagias-Sfetsos black hole by treating $ω$ as a new state parameter and redefining a mass that is just equal to $M_{ADM}$ obtained by Myung\cite{YSM2} if we take $α=3π/8$.
In the present paper we consider the possibility of observationally testing Horava gravity at the scale of the Solar System, by considering the classical tests of general relativity (perihelion precession of the planet Mercury, deflection of light by the Sun and the radar echo delay) for the Kehagias-Sfetsos asymptotically flat black hole solution of Horava-Lifshitz gravity. All these gravitational effects can be fully explained in the framework of the vacuum solution of Horava gravity, and it is shown that the analysis of the classical general relativistic tests severely constrain the free pa…
Asymptotically flat wormhole solutions are found in the deformed Hořava-Lifshitz gravity. It turns out that higher curvature terms can not play the role of exotic matters which are crucial to form a traversable wormhole, and external exotic sources are still needed. In particular, the exotic matter behaves like phantom energy if Kehagias-Sfetsos vacuum is considered outside the wormhole. Interestingly, the spherically symmetric setting makes the matter and the higher curvature contribution satisfy four-dimensional conservation of energy in the covariant form.
Kehagias-Sfetsos black hole in Hořava-Lifshitz gravity is probed through particle geodesics. Gravitational force of KS black hole becomes weaker than that of Schwarzschild around horizon and interior space. Particles can be always scattered or trapped in new closed orbits, unlike those falling forever in Schwarzschild black. The properties of null and timelike geodesics are classified with values of coupling constants. The precession rates of the orbits are evaluated. The time trajectories are also classified under different values of coupling constants for both null and timelike geodesics. Ph…
Inspired by the Einstein-Born-Infeld black hole, we introduce the isolated horizon to study the Kehagias-Sfetsos (KS) black hole in the deformed Hořava-Lifshitz gravity. This is because the KS black hole is more close to the Einstein-Born-Infeld black hole than the Reissner-Nordström black hole. We find the horizon and ADM masses by using the first law of thermodynamics and the area-law entropy. The mass parameter $m$ is identified with the quasilocal energy at infinity. Accordingly, we discuss the phase transition between the KS and Schwarzschild black holes by considering the heat capacity a…
In this Letter, we examine the phantom energy accretion onto a Kehagias-Sfetsos black hole in Ho$\check{r}$ava Lifshitz gravity. To discuss the accretion process onto the black hole, the equations of phantom flow near the black hole have been derived. It is found that mass of the black hole decreases because of phantom accretion. We discuss the conditions for critical accretion. Graphically, it has been found that the critical accretion phenomena is possible for different values of parameters. The results for the Schwarzschild black hole can be recovered in the limiting case.
We calculate the renormalized vacuum energy of a massless scalar field confined between two nearby parallel plates formed by ideal uncharged conductors, placed tangentially to the surface of a sphere with mass M and radius R. This study will take into account the static and spherically symmetric solution of Horava-Lifshitz gravity found by Kehagias-Sfetsos (KS), in both weak field and infrared limits. A slight amplification of the Casimir force between the conducting plates is found. Thermal corrections to the Casimir energy are analyzed. Based on current Casimir effect measurements, a constra…
We study the evolution of massive scalar field in the spacetime geometry of Kehagias-Sfetsos(KS) black hole in deformed Horava-Lifshitz(HL) gravity by numerical analysis. We find that the signature of HL theory is encoded in the quasinormal mode(QNM) phase of the evolution of field. The QNM phase in the evolution process lasts for a longer time in HL theory. QNMs involved in the evolution of massive field are calculated and find that they have a higher oscillation frequency and a lower damping rate than the Schwarzschild spacetime case. We also study the relaxation of field in the intermediate…
We investigate the thermodynamic geometry and phase transition of Kehagias-Sfetsos black hole in the deformed Horava-Lifshitz gravity with coupling constant $λ=1$. The phase transition in black hole thermodynamics is thought to be associated with the divergence of the capacities. And the structures of these divergent points are studied. We also find that the thermodynamic curvature produced by the Ruppeiner metric is positive definite for all $r_+ > r_-$ and is divergence at $η_2=0$ corresponded to the divergent points of $C_Φ$ and $C_T$. These results suggest that the microstructure of the bl…
The evolution of electromagnetic and Dirac perturbations in the spacetime geometry of Kehagias-Sfetsos(KS) black hole in the deformed Horava-Lifshitz(HL) gravity is investigated and the associated quasinormal modes are evaluated using time domain integration and WKB methods. We find a considerable deviation in the nature of field evolution in HL theory from that in the Schwarzschild spacetime and QNMs region extends over a longer time in HL theory before the power-law tail decay begins. The dependence of the field evolution on the HL parameter $α$ are studied. In the time domain picture we fin…
Analytical solutions of Maxwell equations around black hole immersed in external uniform magnetic field in the background of the Kehagias-Sfetsos (KS) asymptotically flat black hole solution of Hořava-Lifshitz gravity have been found. Influence of magnetic field on effective potential of the radial motion of charged test particle around black hole immersed in external magnetic field in Hořava-Lifshitz gravity has been investigated by using Hamilton-Jacobi method. Exact analytical solution for dependence of the minimal radius of the circular orbits $r_{\rm mc}$ from KS parameter $ω$ for motion …
The relativistic quantum interference effects in the spacetime of slowly rotating object in the Hořava-Lifshitz gravity as the Sagnac effect and phase shift of interfering particle in neutron interferometer are derived. We consider the extension of Kehagias-Sfetsos (KS) solution~\cite{ks09} in the Hořava-Lifshitz gravity for the slowly rotating gravitating object. Using the covariant Klein-Gordon equation in the nonrelativistic approximation, it is shown that the phase shift in the interference of particles includes the gravitational potential term with the KS parameter $ω$. It is found that i…
We study the particle motion in the space-time of a Kehagias-Sfetsos (KS) black hole. This is a static spherically symmetric solution of a Horava-Lifshitz gravity model that reduces to General Relativity in the IR limit and deviates slightly from detailed balance. Taking the viewpoint that the model is essentially a (3+1)-dimensional modification of General Relativity we use the geodesic equation to determine the motion of massive and massless particles. We solve the geodesic equation exactly by using numerical techniques. We find that neither massless nor massive particles with non-vanishing …
We discuss gravitational lensing in the Kehagias-Sfetsos space-time emerging in the framework of Hořava-Lifshitz gravity. In weak lensing we show that there are three regimes, depending on the value of $\bar λ=1/ωd^{2}$, where $ω$ is the Hořava-Lifshitz parameter and $d$ characterizes the lensing geometry. When $\bar λ$ is close to zero, light deflection typically produces two images, as in Schwarzschild lensing. For very large $\bar λ$ the space-time approaches flatness, therefore there is only one undeflected image. In the intermediate range of $\bar λ$ only the upper focused image is produc…
In this paper, we investigate the fermions Hawking radiation and quasinormal modes in infra-red modified Ho$\check{r}$ava-Lifshitz gravity under tunneling and perturbation perspectives.Firstly, through the fermions tunneling in IR modified Ho$\check{r}$ava-Lifshitz gravity,we obtain the Hawking radiation emission rate, tunneling temperature and entropy for the Kehagias-Sfetsos black hole. It is found that the results of fermions tunneling are in consistence with the thermodynamics results obtained by calculating surface gravity.Secondly, we numerically calculate the lowing quasinormal modes fr…
In this paper, we study the motion of photons around a Kehagias-Sfetsos (KS) black hole and obtain constraints on IR modified Ho$\check{r}$ava gravity without cosmological constant ($\sim Λ_{W}$). An analytic formula for the light deflection angle is obtained. For a propagating photon, the deflection angle $δϕ$ increases with large values of the Ho$\check{r}$ava gravity parameter $ω$. Under the UV limit $ω\longrightarrow \infty$, deflection angle reduces to the result of usual Schwarzschild case, $4GM/R$. It is also found that with increasing scale of astronomical observation system the Ho$\ch…
We present a generalized Newtonian description of particle dynamics valid for any spherically symmetric, static black hole spacetime. This approach is derived from the geodesic motion of test particles in the low-energy limit. It reproduces exactly the location of the marginally stable, marginally bound, and photon circular orbits; the radial dependence of the energy and angular momentum of circular orbits; parabolic motion; pericentre shift; and the spatial projection of general trajectories. As explicit examples of the new prescription, we apply it to the Schwarzschild, Schwarzschild-de Sitt…
In this manuscript we explicitly compute the effective dimension of spacetime in some backgrounds of Hořava-Lifshitz (H-L) gravity. For all the cases considered, the results are compatible with a dimensional reduction of the spacetime to $d+1=2$, at high energies (ultraviolet limit), which is confirmed by other quantum gravity approaches, as well as to $d+1=4$, at low energies (infrared limit). This is obtained by computing the free energy of massless scalar and gauge fields. We find that the only effect of the background is to change the proportionality constant between the internal energy an…
In this Letter, we have examined the thermodynamic volume products for spherically symmetric and axisymmetric spacetimes in the framework of \emph{extended phase space}. Such volume products usually formulated in terms of the outer horizon~(${\cal H}^{+}$) and the inner horizon~(${\cal H}^{-}$) of black hole ~ (BH) spacetime. Besides volume product, the other thermodynamic formulations like \emph{volume sum, volume minus and volume division} are considered for a wide variety of spherically symmetric spacetime and axisymmetric spacetimes. Like area~(or entropy) product of multihorizons, the mas…
