氢原子与精细结构常数的时间变化
Hydrogen Atom and Time Variation of Fine-Structure Constant
摘要：
本文用绝热方法求解了地球-类星体框架中氢的de Sitter特殊相对论（$\mathcal{SR}_{cR}$ -）Dirac方程。讨论了Beltrami度规描述的de Sitter时空的几何效应。发现氢原子的$\mathcal{SR}_{cR}$ -Dirac方程是一个含时量子哈密顿系统。我们提供了一个明确的计算，以证明绝热的方法在处理这个时间依赖系统。由于de Sitter球$R$的半径在宇宙学上是很大的，系统的演化是非常缓慢的，所以绝热近似合理地以高精度工作。得出了电磁精细结构常数、电子质量和普朗克常量随时间变化的结论。精细结构常数的预测与目前可用的观测数据是一致的。为了进一步证实这一点，需要进行实验/观察。
英文摘要：
In this paper, we have solved the de Sitter special relativistic ($\mathcal{SR}_{cR}$-) Dirac equation of hydrogen in the earth-QSO(quasar) framework reference by means of the adiabatic approach. The aspects of geometry effects of de Sitter space-time described by Beltrami metric are explored and taken into account. It is found that the $\mathcal{SR}_{cR}$-Dirac equation of hydrogen is a time dependent quantum Hamiltonian system. We provide an explicit calculation to justify the adiabatic approach in dealing with this time-dependent system. Since the radius of de Sitter sphere $R$ is cosmologically large, the evolution of the system is very slow so that the adiabatic approximation legitimately works with high accuracy. We conclude that the electromagnetic fine-structure constant, the electron mass and the Planck constant are time variations. This prediction of fine-structure constant is consistent with the presently available observation data. For confirming it further, experiments/observations are required.
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