在星暴星系IC 694的埋藏核中的一个极其多产的超新星工厂
An extremely prolific supernova factory in the buried nucleus of the starburst galaxy IC 694
摘要：
上下文许多局部的亮红色星系的中央千秒差距被认为是大质量恒星形成的强烈爆发，导致许多核心坍缩超新星（CCSNe）的爆炸。然而，这些超新星爆炸的尘埃覆盖区域阻碍了它们在光学和近红外波长的探测。目标。我们调查的星爆星系IC 694（=Arp 299-A）在无线电波段的核区域，旨在发现最近爆炸的CCSNe，以及确定他们的爆炸率，其中携带的恒星形成率，初始质量函数和工作中的星爆场景的关键信息。方法.我们使用电子欧洲VLBI网络图像与毫角秒分辨率的5.0 GHz的紧凑的无线电发射的最内层的核区域的IC 694。结果我们的观测揭示了在IC 694的核星爆中心150 pc处存在一个由26个致密射电发射源组成的丰富的星团。致密源的大亮度温度表明观测到的射电辐射是非热源，这意味着这些源中的大多数（如果不是全部）是年轻的射电超新星（RSNe）和超新星遗迹（SNRs）。我们发现至少有三个相对年轻，缓慢发展，持久的RSNe（A0，A12和A15），似乎显示出不寻常的属性的证据，这表明在当地的拱星介质（CSM）的条件发挥了重要作用，在确定扩大SNe的无线电行为。它们的射电光度是典型的正常RSNe，这是IIP/b型和IIL型SNe爆发的结果。所有这些结果都支持IC 694最内层区域最近（小于10- 1500万年）的瞬时星暴。
英文摘要：
Context. The central kiloparsec of many local Luminous Infra-red Galaxies are known to host intense bursts of massive star formation, leading to numerous explosions of core-collapse supernovae (CCSNe). However, the dust-enshrouded regions where those supernovae explode hamper their detection at optical and near-infrared wavelengths. Aims. We investigate the nuclear region of the starbust galaxy IC 694 (=Arp 299-A) at radio wavelengths, aimed at discovering recently exploded CCSNe, as well as to determine their rate of explosion, which carries crucial information on star formation rates, the initial mass function and starburst scenarios at work. Methods. We use the electronic European VLBI Network to image with milliarcsecond resolution the 5.0 GHz compact radio emission of the innermost nuclear region of IC 694. Results. Our observations reveal the presence of a rich cluster of 26 compact radio emitting sources in the central 150 pc of the nuclear starburst in IC 694. The large brightness temperatures observed for the compact sources indicate a non-thermal origin for the observed radio emission, implying that most, if not all, of those sources are young radio supernovae (RSNe) and supernova remnants (SNRs). We find evidence for at least three relatively young, slowly-evolving, long-lasting RSNe (A0, A12, and A15) which appear to display unusual properties; suggesting that the conditions in the local circumstellar medium (CSM) play a significant role in determining the radio behaviour of expanding SNe. Their radio luminosities are typical of normal RSNe, which result from the explosion of Type IIP/b and Type IIL SNe. All these results yield support for a recent (less than 10-15 Myr) instantaneous starburst in the innermost regions of IC 694.
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