铁磁流体尖峰晶体的二维熔化
Two-Dimensional Melting of a Crystal of Ferrofluid Spikes
摘要：
我们报告的观察从一个有序的固体状相的过渡到无序的液体状相的铁磁流体表面上提交的水平正弦振动的尖峰晶格。熔化过渡发生的临界尖峰位移，这是实验发现遵循林德曼标准，两种不同的晶格拓扑结构（六边形和正方形），并在很宽的晶格波长范围内。还观察到介于固相和各向同性液相之间的中间六方相，并通过标准关联函数表征。这种耗散的非平衡系统与固态物理学中的二维熔化具有很强的相似性。
英文摘要：
We report the observation of the transition from an ordered solid-like phase to a disordered liquid-like phase of a lattice of spikes on a ferrofluid surface submitted to horizontal sinusoidal vibrations. The melting transition occurs for a critical spike displacement which is experimentally found to follow the Lindemann criterion, for two different lattice topologies (hexagonal and square) and over a wide range of lattice wavelengths. An intermediate hexatic-like phase between the solid and isotropic liquid phases is also observed and characterized by standard correlation functions. This dissipative out-of-equilibrium system exhibits strong similarities with 2D melting in solid-state physics.
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