S2DFS：漂移子脉冲的时间变化分析
S2DFS: Analysis of temporal changes of drifting subpulses
摘要：
本文介绍了一种新的技术，称为滑动二维起伏谱，用于检测和表征来自射电望远镜的漂移子脉冲的时间变化。该方法进行了测试，使用模拟数据以及存档的观察与WSRT在92和21厘米的波长。子脉冲漂移现象是射电望远镜的一个众所周知的特性。然而，漂移子脉冲的时间行为的属性没有得到充分的探讨。漂移也可以是非相干的，零化或漂移率变化等效应的存在可以掩盖脉冲星的漂移行为。S2 DFS是一个强大的方法来研究这种现象，通过引入它，我们的目标是扩大我们的知识的时间漂移子脉冲属性。我们的新的分析方法使用水平塌陷的波动谱与二维波动谱方法获得。将在每次滑动一个脉冲的256个脉冲窗口中获得的塌陷光谱叠加产生塌陷波动光谱的图。通过分析地图，可以很容易地确定任何时间漂移变化的存在。模拟数据表明，该技术可以揭示漂移行为的任何时间变化，如模式改变或归零的存在。我们还分析了三颗星的数据，PSRs B 0031 -07，B1819-22和B1944+17，这三颗星是根据数据的质量和已知的漂移特性选择的。已知所有三个源都表现出可以在S2 DFS中容易地看到的模式变化。对本文所用数据集的分析结果表明，S2 DFS方法在检测和表征射电天文信号漂移子脉冲的时间变化方面是鲁棒的，并且与2DFS方法是互补的。
英文摘要：
We introduce a new technique, called the Sliding Two-Dimensional Fluctuation Spectrum, used for detecting and characterising the temporal changes of drifting subpulses from radio pulsars. The method was tested using simulated data as well as archived observations made with the WSRT at wavelengths of 92 and 21 cm. The drifting subpulse phenomenon is a well known property of radio pulsars. However the properties of the temporal behaviour of drifting subpulses are not fully explored. The drifting can also be non-coherent and the presence of effects like nulling or drift rate changing can mask the drifting behaviour of the pulsar. The S2DFS is a robust method for investigating this phenomenon and by introducing it we aim to expand our knowledge of the temporal drifting subpulse properties. Our new analysis method uses horizonally collapsed fluctuation spectra obtained with the Two-Dimensional Fluctuation Spectrum method. Stacking the collapsed spectra obtained in a 256 pulse window which slides by a pulse at a time produces a map of the collapsed fluctuation spectrum. By analysing the maps one can easily determine the presence of any temporal drift changes. Simulated data showed that the technique can reveal the presence of any temporal changes in drift behaviour like mode changing or nulling. We have also analysed data of three pulsars, PSRs B0031-07, B1819-22 and B1944+17, which were selected based on the quality of the data and their known drift properties. All three sources are known to exhibit mode changes which could easily be seen in the S2DFS. The results from the analysis of the data sets used in this paper have shown that the S2DFS method is robust and complimentary to the 2DFS method in detecting and characterising the temporal changes in drifting subpulses from radio pulsars.
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