人类互动活动的标度律
Scaling laws of human interaction activity
摘要：
即使在我们当代的技术社会中，人们依赖于沟通，我们对人类沟通行为的基本规律的理解仍然很差。在这里，我们调查的通信模式在两个社会互联网社区在人类互动活动中的统计规律的搜索。这项研究表明，人类的通信网络动态地遵循比例定律，这也可以解释观察到的经济增长趋势。具体而言，我们确定了一个广义版本的Gibrat的社会活动的法律表示为一个缩放法之间的波动，由成员发送的消息的数量和他们的活动水平。Gibrat定律对于理解经济增长模式至关重要，但它的起源却没有一个基本的一般原则。我们将这种比例律归因于人类活动的长期相关模式，这些模式令人惊讶地从几天到一年多的可用数据的整个时期。此外，我们提供了一个数学框架，将Gibrat定律的广义版本与长期相关动态联系起来，这表明相同的潜在机制可能是Gibrat定律在经济学中的来源，从大公司，研发支出，国家的国内生产总值到城市人口增长。这些发现对于设计通信网络和理解通信在其中发挥作用的社会系统（如经济市场和政治系统）的动态也很重要。
英文摘要：
Even though people in our contemporary, technological society are depending on communication, our understanding of the underlying laws of human communicational behavior continues to be poorly understood. Here we investigate the communication patterns in two social Internet communities in search of statistical laws in human interaction activity. This research reveals that human communication networks dynamically follow scaling laws that may also explain the observed trends in economic growth. Specifically, we identify a generalized version of Gibrat's law of social activity expressed as a scaling law between the fluctuations in the number of messages sent by members and their level of activity. Gibrat's law has been essential in understanding economic growth patterns, yet without an underlying general principle for its origin. We attribute this scaling law to long-term correlation patterns in human activity, which surprisingly span from days to the entire period of the available data of more than one year. Further, we provide a mathematical framework that relates the generalized version of Gibrat's law to the long-term correlated dynamics, which suggests that the same underlying mechanism could be the source of Gibrat's law in economics, ranging from large firms, research and development expenditures, gross domestic product of countries, to city population growth. These findings are also of importance for designing communication networks and for the understanding of the dynamics of social systems in which communication plays a role, such as economic markets and political systems.
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