The application of gauge invariance and canonical quantization to the internal structure of gauge field systems

Quantization as a Necessary Condition for Gauge Invariance

Symmetry and quantization are the two major enterprises of theoretical physics; but some argue that quantization can be derived as a necessary condition for symmetry. It is argued here that the Heisenberg uncertainty principle is a necessary condition for gauge invariance in the 5-dimensional Kaluza-Klein theory.

光锥坐标下零模在重费米子QED正则量子化中的作用

The Role of Zero-Modes in the Canonical Quantization of Heavy-Fermion QED in Light-Cone Coordinates

在光锥坐标系中研究了具有（反）周期场边界条件的四维重费米子QED。我们进行了一致的光锥正则量子化的这个模型使用狄拉克算法的第一和第二类约束的系统。为了研究零模式的作用，我们分别考虑{零模式}和非零模式}扇区中的量化过程。在这两个扇区中，我们得到了物理变量和它们的正则对易关系。物理哈密顿量是通过逐步排除非物理自由度来构造的。一个使用这种哈密顿量的例子是验证两个重费米子之间的正确库仑势。

Canonical Quantization of the tachyon field

The canonical quantization of the tachyon field is suggested. Quantization is based on the conception of stable and unstable components of the tachyon degrees of freedom.

Gauge invariance, Lorentz covariance and canonical quantization in nucleon structure studies

There are different operators of quark and gluon momenta, orbital angular momenta, and gluon spin in the nucleon structure study. The precise meaning of these operators are studied based on gauge invariance, Lorentz covariance and canonical quantization rule. The advantage and disadvantage of different definitions are analyzed. A gauge invariant canonical decomposition of the total momentum and angular momentum into quark and gluon parts is suggested based on the decomposition of the gauge potential into gauge invariant (covariant) physical part and gauge dependent pure gauge part. Challenges …

Non-canonical quantization of electromagnetic fields and the meaning of $Z_3$

Non-canonical quantization is based on certain reducible representations of canonical commutation relations. Relativistic formalism for electromagnetic non-canonical quantum fields is introduced. Unitary representations of the Poincaré group at the level of fields and states are explicitly given. Multi-photon and coherent states are introduced. Statistics of photons in a coherent state is Poissonian if an appropriately defined thermodynamic limit is performed. Radiation fields having a correct $S$ matrix are constructed. The $S$ matrix is given by a non-canonical coherent-state displacement op…