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arXiv 0908.4086astro-ph.SR
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烟斗星云恒星形成活动的斯皮策普查

A Spitzer Census of Star Formation Activity in the Pipe Nebula

Jan Forbrich, Charles J. Lada, August A. Muench, João Alves, Marco Lombardi

摘要:

烟斗星云是一个邻近的大分子云,在它内部已经确定的130多个尘埃消光核心中,除了一个之外,其他所有的都没有明显的恒星形成标志。为了定量地确定烟斗星云中恒星形成活动的当前水平,我们分析了整个星云的13平方度敏感的中红外地图,用斯皮策多波段成像光度计(MIPS)在24微米和70微米波长下获得的图像,以在高消光区搜索候选年轻恒星物体(YSO)。我们认为,我们的搜索是完整的I类和典型的II类YSO的Lbol~0.2洛和更大的光度。我们在整个Pipe云的高灭绝区域中只找到18个候选YSO。其中12个来源是先前已知的与巴纳德59有关的小星团成员,巴纳德59是云中最大和最大的致密核心。由于在这个星团之外的灭绝核心中只检测到六个候选的I类和II类YSO,我们的研究结果强调了烟斗星云中恒星形成活动水平极低的概念。整个星云的恒星形成效率仅为~ 0.06%。

英文摘要:

The Pipe Nebula, a large nearby molecular cloud lacks obvious signposts of star formation in all but one of more than 130 dust extinction cores that have been identified within it. In order to quantitatively determine the current level of star formation activity in the Pipe Nebula, we analyzed 13 square degrees of sensitive mid-infrared maps of the entire cloud, obtained with the Multiband Imaging Photometer for Spitzer (MIPS) at wavelengths of 24 micron and 70 micron to search for candidate Young Stellar Objects (YSOs) in the high-extinction regions. We argue that our search is complete for class I and typical class II YSOs with luminosities of Lbol~0.2 Lo and greater. We find only 18 candidate YSOs in the high-extinction regions of the entire Pipe cloud. Twelve of these sources are previously known members of a small cluster associated with Barnard 59, the largest and most massive dense core in the cloud. With only six candidate class I and class II YSOs detected towards extinction cores outside of this cluster, our findings emphatically confirm the notion of an extremely low level of star formation activity in the Pipe Nebula. The resulting star formation efficiency for the entire cloud mass is only ~0.06 %.

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