超弦循环的聚类

摘要：

如果弦的张力小于临界值，并且如果环是大尺度的，那么超弦的分裂会产生环，这些环会吸积并束缚在坍缩的物质扰动上。对于典型的模型参数（新形成的环路的速度分散、环路长度分布等），银河圈密度比宇宙的平均圈密度大得多。环（能量）密度的极限增强是冷暗物质增强的0.25-0.4倍（星系与宇宙暗物质密度之比），并且在星系尺度小于100 kpc时，无量纲弦张力小于10^-13时完全可以实现。对于小于临界值（10^-9量级）的任何张力，这种增强都是相当大的。弦环增强大致跟踪冷暗物质的事实是小张力和大尺度碎裂的可靠结果。实验敏感的本地银河人口的循环，特别是微透镜，应该享受特征检测率大大提高均匀的估计。

英文摘要：

The fragmentation of horizon crossing superstrings creates loops that accrete and bind to collapsing matter perturbations if the string tension is less than a critical value and if the loops are large-scale. For typical model parameters (velocity dispersion of newly formed loops, loop length distribution, etc.) the galactic loop density is greatly enhanced as compared to the universe's mean loop density. The limiting enhancement of loop (energy) density is 0.25-0.4 times the enhancement of cold dark matter (ratio of galaxy to universe's dark matter densities) and is fully achieved for dimensionless string tensions less than 10^-13 at galactic scales less than 100 kpc. The enhancement is substantial for any tension less than the critical value which is of order 10^-9. The fact that the string loop enhancement roughly tracks that of cold dark matter is a robust result for small tension and large-scale fragmentation. Experiments sensitive to the local Galactic population of loops, especially microlensing, should enjoy characteristic detection rates greatly boosted over homogeneous estimates.

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