一个重要发现--在无电场条件下，K原子电子云的中心与原子核不重合
An important discovery - with no electric field, the center of the electron cloud of K atom does not coincide with the nucleus
摘要：
一般的观点认为，在没有外场的情况下，原子核处于电子云的中心，因此各种原子都不具有永久电偶极矩（EDM）。事实上，这个想法是未经检验的。我们用两个特殊的含钾电容器发现，作为极性分子，K原子的电极化率与密度N成正比，与温度T成反比。纯度为0.9995的实验K材料由Strem Chemicals Co. USA提供。我们已经仔细区分了永久偶极矩和感应偶极矩。有充分的证据表明，基态中性K原子是极性原子，并具有大的永久EDM，d（K）=2.53 \times 10- 29 C. m。K原子中出现了时间反演破坏的新例子。为什么没有观察到K原子的线性斯塔克效应？这篇文章详尽地讨论了这个问题。K原子的最大线性斯塔克位移仅为0.0041nm。事实上，它是如此之小，以至于不可能直接观察到位移！这些结果可以在其他实验室重复。我们的实验仪器还保留着，欢迎对实验感兴趣的人来参观和考察。
英文摘要：
It is a general point of view that in the absence of an external field, the nucleus of an atom is at the center of the electron cloud, so that all kinds of atoms do not have permanent electric dipole moment (EDM). In the fact, the idea is untested. Using two special capacitors containing Potassium vapor we discovered that the electric susceptibility Xe of K atoms is directly proportional to the density N, and inversely to the temperature T, as polar molecules. The experimental K material with purity 0.9995 is supplied by Strem Chemicals Co. USA. We have distinguished between permanent and induced dipole moments carefully. There is good evidence that a ground state neutral K atom is polar atom and has a large permanent EDM, d (K) =2.53\times10-29C.m. New example of time-reversal violation occurred in K atoms. Why has the linear Stark effect of K atoms not been observed? The article discussed the question thoroughly. The most linear Stark shift of K atoms is only 0.0041nm. It is so small, in fact, that a direct observation of the shifts is not possible! These results can be repeated in other laboratories. Our experimental apparatus are still kept, we welcome anyone who is interested in the experiments to visit and examine it.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
