石墨烯中准粒子的玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚
Bose-Einstein condensation of quasiparticles in graphene
摘要：
研究了强磁场下不同石墨烯基结构中不同准粒子的集体性质。我们预测了两层石墨烯中二维空间间接磁激子的玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚（BEC）和超流性。超流密度和Kosterlitz无相变相变温度是激子密度的增函数，而磁场和层间分离的减函数.研究了具有电子和空穴交替排列的石墨烯层超晶格中相互作用的二维间接磁激子的基态的不稳定性。研究了石墨烯超晶格中由一对偶极矩相反的间接激子组成的稳定的二维间接磁双激子系统。得到了石墨烯超晶格中磁双激子的超流密度和无Kosterlitz相变温度。此外，还预测了强磁场下半导体微腔中GL中激子极化激元的BEC。当磁激子极化激元体系在高磁场极限下由于单层磁激子-磁激子相互作用消失而不存在超流相时，计算了BEC形成的临界温度。基于石墨烯的磁激子系统的基本性质（相反，例如，对于量子阱），磁场的影响较强，而无序的影响较弱。在高磁场中观察石墨烯中二维准粒子的BEC和超流性将是对我们所描述的现象的有趣证实。
英文摘要：
The collective properties of different quasiparticles in various graphene based structures in high magnetic field have been studied. We predict Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) and superfluidity of 2D spatially indirect magnetoexcitons in two-layer graphene. The superfluid density and the temperature of the Kosterlitz-Thouless phase transition are shown to be increasing functions of the excitonic density but decreasing functions of magnetic field and the interlayer separation. The instability of the ground state of the interacting 2D indirect magnetoexcitons in a slab of superlattice with alternating electron and hole graphene layers (GLs) is established. The stable system of indirect 2D magnetobiexcitons, consisting of pair of indirect excitons with opposite dipole moments, is considered in graphene superlattice. The superfluid density and the temperature of the Kosterlitz-Thouless phase transition for magnetobiexcitons in graphene superlattice are obtained. Besides, the BEC of excitonic polaritons in GL embedded in a semiconductor microcavity in high magnetic field is predicted. While superfluid phase in this magnetoexciton polariton system is absent due to vanishing of magnetoexciton-magnetoexciton interaction in a single layer in the limit of high magnetic field, the critical temperature of BEC formation is calculated. The essential property of magnetoexcitonic systems based on graphene (in contrast, e.g., to a quantum well) is stronger influence of magnetic field and weaker influence of disorder. Observation of the BEC and superfluidity of 2D quasiparticles in graphene in high magnetic field would be interesting confirmation of the phenomena we have described.
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