扩散和生活史〈动〉<动>策略对Linyphiid蜘蛛种群持续性的影响
Implications of Dispersal and Life History Strategies for the Persistence of Linyphiid Spider Populations
摘要：
Linyphiid蜘蛛已经进化出了通过一种称为气球的过程进行长距离分散的能力。有人假设，气球可能会让种群在蜘蛛喜欢的高度干扰的农业地区持续存在。在这项研究中，我开发了一个随机人口模型，探讨这种类型的长距离分散的倾向如何影响长期人口持久性在一个异质景观，灾难性死亡事件是常见的。对这个模型的分析表明，尽管某些扩散确实降低了种群灭绝的概率，但扩散的频率只在某些极端情况下才重要。相反，平均人口出生率和死亡率，以及景观组成，在确定灭绝的概率比扩散过程更重要。因此，为了制定有效的保护策略，这些蜘蛛，更好地了解生活史〈动〉<动>过程应优先于扩散策略的理解。
英文摘要：
Linyphiid spiders have evolved the ability to disperse long distances by a process known as ballooning. It has been hypothesized that ballooning may allow populations to persist in the highly disturbed agricultural areas that the spiders prefer. In this study, I develop a stochastic population model to explore how the propensity for this type of long distance dispersal influences long term population persistence in a heterogeneous landscape where catastrophic mortality events are common. Analysis of this model indicates that although some dispersal does indeed decrease the probability of extinction of the population, the frequency of dispersal is only important in certain extremes. Instead, both the mean population birth and death rates, and the landscape composition, are much more important in determining the probability of extinction than the dispersal process. Thus, in order to develop effective conservation strategies for these spiders, better understanding of life history processes should be prioritized over an understanding of dispersal strategies.
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