反常重力与超导体相互作用中产生受激发射的条件
Conditions for stimulated emission in anomalous gravity-superconductors interactions
摘要：
一些作者研究了非极端密度条件下凝聚态系统产生引力场的问题。广义相对论和最低阶微扰的量子引力预测在这种情况下，发射率非常小，因此只有当发生某种强量子效应时，这些现象才能变得相关。引力的量子方面仍然知之甚少。人们相信它们可以在表现出宏观量子相干性的系统中发挥作用，如超导体和超流体，导致物质和场之间的“异常”耦合。我们在这里提到伍兹，焦，贝克尔，阿戈普等人在这一领域的最新工作，Ummarino，Kiefer and Weber.本文介绍了YBCO等层状超导体中反常受激引力辐射的新结果。我们将超导体模型化为一组本征约瑟夫森结。超导参数的定义，我们的初步测量与熔融织构样品。我们明确地写出并数值求解约瑟夫森方程，该方程给出了超导体中总电流的正常和超分量，并由此导出总可用功率P=IV。然后，假设自发辐射和受激辐射的系数A和B已知，我们将激光放大器的Frantz-Nodvik方程应用于这种情况。该方程被适当地修改，以便允许由振荡传输电流给出的“连续泵浦”。所得结论对超导体引力辐射的估算有一定的参考价值。我们发现，即使A和B系数非常大（可能是由于上面提到的量子引力效应），受激发射的条件也是相当严格的，并且发射率强烈地受到IV值的限制。
英文摘要：
Several authors have studied the generation of gravitational fields by condensed-matter systems in non-extreme density conditions. General Relativity and lowest-order perturbative Quantum Gravity predict in this case an extremely small emission rate, so these phenomena can become relevant only if some strong quantum effect occurs. Quantum aspects of gravity are still poorly understood. It is believed that they could play a role in systems which exhibit macroscopic quantum coherence, like superconductors and superfluids, leading to an "anomalous" coupling between matter and field. We mention here recent work in this field by Woods, Chiao, Becker, Agop et al., Ummarino, Kiefer and Weber. New results are presented concerning anomalous stimulated gravitational emission in a layered superconductor like YBCO. We model the superconductor as an array of intrinsic Josephson junctions. The superconducting parameters are defined by our preliminary measurements with melt-textured samples. We write explicitly and solve numerically the Josephson equations which give the normal and super components of the total current in the superconductor, and derive from this the total available power P=IV. Then, assuming that the coefficients A and B for spontaneous and stimulated gravitational emission are known, we apply to this case the Frantz-Nodvik equation for a laser amplifier. The equation is suitably modified in order to allow for a "continuous pumping" given by an oscillating transport current. The conclusions are relevant for the evaluation of gravitational emission from superconductors. We find that even if the A and B coefficients are anomalously large (possibly because of the Quantum Gravity effects mentioned above), the conditions for stimulated emission are quite strict and the emission rate strongly limited by the IV value.
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