通过场地效应的改变实现场地-城市的相互作用
Site-City Interaction through Modifications of Site Effects
摘要：
地震场地效应的分析通常忽略了城市人口密集地区地表结构对自由场运动的影响。本文的目的是调查这个特殊的问题，特别是通过比较的“自由场”放大过程中，所谓的网站-城市的相互作用。在以前的工作中已经给出了场地-城市相互作用现象的几个证据（实验，分析，数值）（Guéguen，Bard，Semblat 2000）。场地-城市相互作用的影响对于本征频率接近表层土壤的结构来说可能很大。此外，结构的密度也是一个重要的控制参数的问题。考虑到一个特定的网站（尼斯，法国），网站与城市的相互作用应该是显着的，我们开始从详细的实验和数值研究的地震场地效应，放大水平和发生频率，以及最大放大区域的位置。然后通过各种考虑边界元法的数值模型研究场地-城市相互作用的影响。地面结构与可变的城市密度的影响进行了分析，以估计整体场地-城市相互作用对地面运动分布的贡献。本文的主要目标是估计站点-城市相互作用的影响，不仅对放大水平（影响可以很小），但也对修改的主要放大频率和位置的最大放大区域。本文的主要结论是揭示了场地-城市相互作用对自由场放大的影响，并由此产生了一种特殊的城市场放大。
英文摘要：
The analysis of seismic site effects generally disregards the influence of surface structures on the free field motion in densely urbanized areas. This paper aims at investigating this particular problem called site-city interaction especially by comparison to the "free-field" amplification process. Several evidences (experimental, analytical, numerical) of the site-city interaction phenomenon have been given in previous work (Guéguen, Bard, Semblat 2000). The influence of site city-interaction could be large for structures having eigenfrequencies close to that of the surface soil layers. Furthermore, the density of structures is also an important governing parameter of the problem. Considering a specific site (Nice, France) where site-city interaction is supposed to be significant, we start from detailed experimental and numerical studies of seismic site effects giving both amplification levels and occuring frequencies, as well as the location of the maximum amplification areas. The influence of site-city interaction is then investigated through various numerical models considering the boundary element method. The effect of surface structures with variable urban densities is analysed to estimate the contribution of overall site-city interaction on surface motion distribution. The main goal of the paper is to estimate the influence of site-city interaction not only on amplification levels (the influence can be small), but also on the modification of both main amplification frequencies and location of the maximum amplification areas. The main conclusion of this work is to show the modifications of the free-field amplification due to site-city interaction and leading to a specific urban field amplification.
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