识别QCD临界点：临界点周围声音模式的衰减
Toward Identifying the QCD Critical Point: attenuation of the sound mode around the critical point
摘要：
基于QCD临界点（CP）与液-气相变属于同一普适类这一事实，利用粘性流体的相对论流体动力学分析了CP附近的动力学密度涨落.结果表明，相对论效应的密度波动的动力学结构因子只出现在通过修改的传输/动力学系数的声音和热模式的宽度。结果表明，在QCD CP附近，由于相对论效应而增强的力学密度涨落被减弱，而熵涨落则变得更加显著。QCD CP附近密度涨落的这种衰减可能意味着，当相对论重离子碰撞的入射能量降低时，如果观察到马赫锥的抑制甚至完全消失，这可能是QCD临界点存在的信号。
英文摘要：
Motivated by the fact that QCD critical point (CP) belongs to the same universality class as the liquid-gas transition, the dynamical density fluctuations around the CP is analyzed using relativistic fluid dynamics for a viscous fluid. It is shown that relativistic effects on the dynamical structure factor of the density fluctuation appears only in the width of the sound and thermal modes through a modification of the transport/kinetic coefficients. It is found that the mechanical density fluctuation which is enhanced by the relativistic effects are attenuated, whereas the entropy fluctuation in turn becomes more prominent around the QCD CP. This attenuation of the density fluctuation around the QCD CP may imply that if the suppression or even total disappearance of Mach cone is observed as the incident energy of the relativistic heavy-ion collisionsis lowered, it can be a signal of the existence of the QCD critical point.
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