宇宙学运动方程需要相对论修正
The Motion Equations of Cosmology Need Relativity Revision
摘要：
标准宇宙学的运动方程，弗里德曼方程，是基于斯坦的引力场方程。然而，英国物理学家E. A.米尔恩在1943年指出，同样的方程可以简单地根据牛顿引力理论推导出来。这意味着弗里德曼方程实质上是牛顿方程，而不是相对论运动方程。这是因为在推导弗里德曼方程时使用了两个简化条件。一个是罗伯逊-沃克度规，另一个是静态能量动量张量。证明了在R-W度规下，膨胀宇宙中天体的光速满足伽利略加法定则。因此，R-W度规所描述的时空结构不适合作为相对论宇宙学的时空结构。另一方面，由于在昂贵的宇宙中观测者与物质之间实际上存在着相对速度，因此在宇宙学中应该考虑动态的能量动量张量。弗里德曼方程需要相对论修正。这样，当前宇宙学中的一些推论，如哈勃常数、暗物质和暗能量密度等，就需要重新估计。最后提出了宇宙学相对性度规的可能形式。从爱因斯坦引力方程出发，严格证明了膨胀宇宙的时空不可能是平坦的。这样，把宇宙学建立在真正合理的相对论基础上，就有可能彻底摆脱目前宇宙学的困惑局面。
英文摘要：
The motion equation of standard cosmology, the Friedmann equation, is based on the stein's equations of gravitational fields. However, British physicist E. A. Milne pointed in 1943 that the same equation could be deduced simply based on the Newtonian theory of gravity. It means that the Friedmann equation, in stead of the motion equation of relativity, is actually the Newtonian one in essence. The reason is that two simplified conditions are used in the deduction of the Friedmann equation. One is the Robertson-Walker metric and another is static energy momentum tensor. It is proved that in light of the R-W metric, the velocity of light emitted by celestial bodies in the expansive universe would satisfy the Galileo's addition rule. So what the R-W metric describes is unsuitable to be taken as the space-time structure of relativity cosmology. On the other hand, because there are relative velocities between observer and material in the expensive universe actually, we should consider dynamic energy momentum tensor in cosmology. The Friedmann equations need relativity revision. In this way, some deductions of current cosmology, such as the values of Hubble constant, dark material and dark energy densities and so on, should be re-estimated. The possible form of relativity metric for cosmology is proposed at last. It is proved strictly based on the Einstein's equation of gravity that the space-time of the expansive universe can not be flat. In this way, by establishing cosmology on the really rational foundation of relativity, we may get rid of the current puzzle situation of cosmology thoroughly.
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