稳态非平衡系统类自由能势的极小化
Minimisation of a Free-Energy-Like Potential for Non-Equilibrium Systems at Steady State
摘要：
本研究探讨了一种新的非平衡态热力学，它给出了一个条件推导的“最大熵产生”（MEP）的流动和/或化学反应系统在稳态的原则。分析使用无量纲势函数$ϕ_{st}$的非平衡系统，类似于平衡热力学的自由能概念。自发减少$ϕ_{st}$产生的“通量熵”的系统的增加-通量的可变性的措施-或在当地的熵生产;有条件地，取决于通量熵的行为，制定减少到MEP原则。推断的稳定状态也表现出高的变化，其瞬时通量和速率，与所观察到的行为的湍流流体流动，热对流和生物系统相一致;一个后果是能源生产者和消费者在生态系统中共存。并对达到稳态的不同途径进行了分类。
英文摘要：
This study examines a new formulation of non-equilibrium thermodynamics, which gives a conditional derivation of the ``maximum entropy production'' (MEP) principle for flow and/or chemical reaction systems at steady state. The analysis uses a dimensionless potential function $ϕ_{st}$ for non-equilibrium systems, analogous to the free energy concept of equilibrium thermodynamics. Spontaneous reductions in $ϕ_{st}$ arise from increases in the ``flux entropy'' of the system - a measure of the variability of the fluxes - or in the local entropy production; conditionally, depending on the behaviour of the flux entropy, the formulation reduces to the MEP principle. The inferred steady state is also shown to exhibit high variability in its instantaneous fluxes and rates, consistent with the observed behaviour of turbulent fluid flow, heat convection and biological systems; one consequence is the coexistence of energy producers and consumers in ecological systems. The different paths for attaining steady state are also classified.
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