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arXiv 0908.1812astro-ph.SRastro-ph.COastro-ph.HE
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在爆炸前图像中寻找核心坍缩超新星的祖先

Seeking Core-Collapse Supernova Progenitors in Pre-Explosion Images

Douglas C. Leonard

摘要:

我总结了我们所知道的关于恒星的本质,最终爆炸为核心坍缩超新星从检查之前采取的爆炸图像。通过记录超新星爆发前和超新星爆发后的图像,通常使用天基光学探测器或配备激光导星自适应光学系统的地基红外探测器以高分辨率拍摄,现在已经有近36颗核心坍缩超新星的祖先恒星的性质被直接测量或(更常见的)通过建立光度上限来限制。这些研究可以直接与恒星演化模型进行比较,从而可以对祖星的物理特征进行估计。我回顾祖特性(或限制)推断,从这项工作中的每一个主要的核心坍缩超新星类型(II-高原,II-线性,IIb,IIn,Ib/C),特别侧重于所使用的分析技术和过程中,通过得出的结论。还提供了一些个别事件的简要讨论,包括SN 2005 gl,一个IIn型超新星,被证明有一个非常明亮的-因此非常巨大的-在一个暴力的,明亮的蓝色变星样喷发阶段后不久爆炸的祖先,与标准的理论预测相反。

英文摘要:

I summarize what we have learned about the nature of stars that ultimately explode as core-collapse supernovae from the examination of images taken prior to the explosion. By registering pre-supernova and post-supernova images, usually taken at high resolution using either space-based optical detectors, or ground-based infrared detectors equipped with laser guide star adaptive optics systems, nearly three dozen core-collapse supernovae have now had the properties of their progenitor stars either directly measured or (more commonly) constrained by establishing upper limits on their luminosities. These studies enable direct comparison with stellar evolution models that, in turn, permit estimates of the progenitor stars' physical characteristics to be made. I review progenitor characteristics (or constraints) inferred from this work for each of the major core-collapse supernova types (II-Plateau, II-Linear, IIb, IIn, Ib/c), with a particular focus on the analytical techniques used and the processes through which conclusions have been drawn. Brief discussion of a few individual events is also provided, including SN 2005gl, a type IIn supernova that is shown to have had an extremely luminous -- and thus very massive -- progenitor that exploded shortly after a violent, luminous blue variable-like eruption phase, contrary to standard theoretical predictions.

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