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arXiv 0908.1577cond-mat.supr-con
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低、高$T_c$超导体中迈斯纳效应的解释和自旋迈斯纳效应的预测

Explanation of the Meissner Effect and Prediction of a Spin Meissner Effect in Low and High $T_c$ Superconductors

J. E. Hirsch

摘要:

我认为,传统的BCS-伦敦超导理论不能解释超导体的最基本的属性,迈斯纳效应:迈斯纳电流是如何产生的,它是如何能够违背法拉第定律?它的机械角动量是如何补偿的?我认为,除非金属在向超导性转变的过程中将电荷从其内部向表面排出,否则超导性是不可能的。因此,超导体在其基态被预测拥有一个宏观电场在其内部,以及过量的负电荷和宏观自旋电流附近的表面。当所施加的磁场强到足以使自旋电流停止时,系统被正常驱动。高温超导性发生在具有太多负电荷的系统中。

英文摘要:

I argue that the conventional BCS-London theory of superconductivity does not explain the most fundamental property of superconductors, the Meissner effect: how is the Meissner current generated, and how is it able to defy Faraday's law? How is its mechanical angular momentum compensated? I propose that superconductivity is impossible unless the metal expels charge from its interior towards the surface in the transition to superconductivity. As a consequence, superconductors in their ground state are predicted to possess a macroscopic electric field in their interior, as well as excess negative charge and a macroscopic spin current near the surface. The system is driven normal when the applied magnetic field is strong enough to bring the spin current to a stop. High temperature superconductivity occurs in systems that have too much negative charge.

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