扭结涡旋子的稳定性和状态方程
Stability and the equation of state for kinky vortons
摘要：
涡旋子是超导弦的闭合回路，携带电流和电荷。已经发展了一种形式主义来研究弹性弦近似的vortons，但它的实现需要未知状态方程的知识，将弦张力与单位长度的能量联系起来。最近，一个平面类似的vorton，被称为一个kinky vorton，已经推出。本文导出了一个精确的扭结涡子状态方程公式，并利用它计算了相应的弹性弦的性质，如横向和纵向传播速度。特别是，弹性弦近似预测了一个复杂的和高度非平凡的模式的不稳定的间隔，我们能够确认使用全场模拟。本文还讨论了这一结果对涡旋子的影响。
英文摘要：
Vortons are closed loops of superconducting strings carrying current and charge. A formalism has been developed to study vortons in terms of an elastic string approximation, but its implementation requires knowledge of the unknown equation of state, relating the string tension to the energy per unit length. Recently, a planar analogue of the vorton, known as a kinky vorton, has been introduced. In this paper we derive an exact formula for the equation of state of a kinky vorton and use it to calculate the properties of the associated elastic string, such as the transverse and longitudinal propagation speeds. In particular, the elastic string approximation predicts a complicated and highly non-trivial pattern of intervals of instability, which we are able to confirm using full field simulations. The implications of the results for vortons are also discussed.
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