点源的多信使搜索：超高能宇宙射线和中微子
Multimessenger search for point sources: ultra-high energy cosmic rays and neutrinos
摘要：
超高能宇宙射线（UHECR）和中微子的起源仍然是一个谜。强子加速理论认为它们应该与伽马射线起源于相同的来源（天体物理学或宇宙学）。虽然伽马射线与天体物理来源有关，但迄今为止还没有发现UHECR或中微子的点源。本文提出用超高能电子回旋共振和中微子的多信使组合作为寻找高能粒子点源的一种新途径。本文提出了一种计算UHECR和中微子互相关的统计方法。通过获得从观测到的UHECR到选定角距离内的中微子事件数量的概率密度函数，可以计算出在观测到的UHECR附近的中微子事件数量，这是声称具有选定意义的发现所必需的。不同的角距离（箱大小）被认为是由于未知的星系和星系际磁场中的宇宙射线偏转。可能观测到的相关性的到来方向的UHECR和中微子将提供强有力的指示强子加速理论。这两种信使与某些观测到的天体位置的相关性将指示加速的位置。超高能电子回旋共振和中微子在到达方向上的任何系统性偏移都可能使我们对宇宙射线的磁场偏转有更多的了解。
英文摘要：
The origin of ultra-high energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) and neutrinos is still a mystery. Hadronic acceleration theory suggests that they should originate in the same sources (astrophysical or cosmological), together with gamma-rays. While gamma-rays have been linked to astrophysical sources, no point source of UHECRs or neutrinos have been found so far. In this paper, the multimessenger combination of UHECRs and neutrinos as a new approach to the high energy particle point source search is suggested. A statistical method for cross-correlation of UHECR and neutrino data sets is proposed. By obtaining the probability density function of number of neutrino events within chosen angular distance from observed UHECRs, the number of neutrino events in the vicinity of observed UHECRs, necessary to claim a discovery with a chosen significance, can be calculated. Different angular distances (bin sizes) are considered due to the unknown deflection of cosmic rays in galactic and intergalactic magnetic fields. Possible observed correlation of the arrival directions of UHECRs and neutrinos would provide a strong indication of hadronic acceleration theory. Correlation of both types of messengers with the location of certain sets of observed astrophysical objects would indicate sites of acceleration. Any systematic offset in arrival directions between UHECRs and neutrinos may shed more light on magnetic field deflection of cosmic rays.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
